Self-care among people with type 2 diabetes in the community of Giao Hai commune, Nam Van commune, My Loc town, Nam Dinh province in 2024

Abstract

Objectives: To describe the self-care status of people with type 2 diabetes in the community of Nam Dinh province in 2024 and toidentify associated factors related to self-care behavior of people with type 2 diabetes in the community of the province Nam Dinh. Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study on a group of 300 people with type 2 diabetes. Using purposive sampling method in 3 communes (Giao Hai commune, Nam Van commune, My Loc town) in 3 districts/ city (Giao Thuy district, My Loc district, Nam Dinh city) of Nam Dinh province, data collection period from June to August 2024. Then, conveniently select people with type 2 diabetes in 3 communes until there are enough samples. Self-care results are good when the total score reaches (6.1 - 7.0); Good self-care with overall score (4.1 – 6.0); Average self-care score (2.1 – 4.0); Poor self-care (0 – 2.0). The data were analyzed and processed using STATA 18 software with statistical significance level p < 0.05. Results: The average total score of self-care activities according to SDSCA of people with type 2 diabetes is 3.1 ± 1.0, ranked at average level. Self-care activities such as diet, physical activity, and medication adherence all scored average, while foot care and blood sugar testing had poor scores, 1.7 ± 1,5 and 0.3 ± 1.1. These results show that study subjects had varying levels of self-care, with poor blood sugar-related activities and foot care. The total average score of factors related to self-care ability according to SDSCA shows that men have higher self-care ability than women with an average score of 3.3 compared to 3.0, the difference is statistically significant ( p = 0.013). This result shows that gender is an important factor affecting the ability of people with diabetes to take care of their own health. Conclusion: It is necessary to strengthen health education programs and support from the community so that patients better understand the dangers of type 2 diabetes