Science and Technology Development Journal: Social Sciences & Humanities
The official jornal of Viet Nam National University Ho Chi Minh City
The content values of Tuong art performance in the Southern area before 1945
Has been existed for a long time in the Southern area of Vietnam, Tuong art performance became the only unique spiritual dish in many centuries and leaving dozens of scripts of literary value. However, Tuong art performance is gradually losing its position due to many objective and subjective reasons. By studying the content values of classical drama, we can feel the beauty of Tuong art performance and understand more about this type of art. The content values of Tuong art Performance have been interested in many researchers; however, they only stopped at studying Vietnamese Tuong generally or specific in some works such as Kim Thach ky duyen, Son hau… The researchers haven't been a focus on exploiting the issues of the content values of Tuong art performance in the Southern area in general. So in this article, we want to have a general view of the content values of Tuong art performance in this area. The content values of Tuong art performance in the Southern area before 1945 was divided into three following parts: Elevating the values of loyalty, filial piety, virtuous wife, benevolence and righteousness; Criticizing the moral degeneracy of people in the society; Prasing the loyal love in the troubled times. But, because of material limitations, we just studied the content of Tuong in general based on existing documents, this article can not avoid shortcomings and limitations.
Copyright (c) 2020 Science and Technology Development Journal: Social Sciences & Humanities
T he theory of communicative action of Jürgen Habermas with religious issues in the public sphere
The article summarizes the main arguments in J. Habermas' theory of Communicative action, identifying three functions that communicative action can perform: to be used to convey information, to establish social relationships with others, and to express one's opinions or feelings. By analyzing the category of ``communicative rationality'' with religious issues in the public sphere, in relation to language, discourse ethics, it is shown that the public sphere is the environment where dialogues in all areas take place to meet the needs of citizens. (According to Habermas, Kant was the first philosophy to give to public sphere ``its completed theoretical structure'' in a text of political philosophy, entitled ``What is Enlightenment?''). Religions may not directly influence politics, but still, have the function of directing in society. J. Habermas determines that religion cannot be restricted to the private sphere, but must actively participate in the public sphere, where interactions and dialogues take place, as a catalyst for the process of solidarity to exist, to bring a new life force to the world. It is the place for members of society to have conversations and engage with each other. The theory of communication by J. Habermas is timely contemplation with a deeply humane spirit.
Teaching staff development by using competency-based human resource management approach: analyzing cases of Saigon University and University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vietnam National University – Ho Chi Minh City
The competency-based human resource management is a trend in the context of higher education reform in the 21st century. The quality of education is increasingly focused, and the improvement of the quality of educational managers and teaching staff becomes a goal in a university's strategic plan. This leads to a necessary for universities to identify core competencies and build competency frameworks that are consistent with the institutions' strategy to promote the implementation of innovation of all aspects of universities (Vakola, M., Soderquist, KE, Prastacos, GP, 2007). Depending on the socio-economic context and conditions of each institution, educational managers choose or combine paradigms of human resource management to enhance the efficiency in the development of quality of teaching staff, contributing to boosting universities' capacity adapting for new requirements of education innovation. Based on the theory of human resource management, the paper analyzes the situation of human resource management, especially the development and training of teaching staff at two departments of 2 public universities in Ho Chi Minh City. Thereby, the paper propose some suggestions for the implementation of human resource management based on competencies to improve the universities' teaching quality and meet the requirements of fndamental and comprehensive innovation in the field of Viet Nam education and training in the 21st century.
The Sea and the Kingfisher of Bui Ngoc Tan : on the perspective of sociocriticism
``The Sea and the Kingfisher'' (French: La Mer et le martin-pêcheur) is a special novel written by Bui Ngoc Tan. This work is not only the pride of contemporary Vietnamese literature in general and Hai Phong literature in particular when it won the Henri Queffenlec Award in France in 2012; but also the stamp of the author's journey "resurrection of the dead", after more than 5 years of imprisonment and 20 years of torture of reading and writing. Because of his special circumstances, social change is always reflected in Bui Ngoc Tan's work. ``The Sea and the ingfisher'' is the same as a little cosmos, a panoramic discourse reflecting all of the love and sorrow of a generation having to face so many incidents and ideological conflicts. Above all of the limited literature, ``The Sea and the Kingfisher'' is a worthy writing. This is seen as a realistic novel, straight and steady, which exposes a world that is still deep in darkness, beneath the golden and glamorous slogan. There are honest people buried deep in the bottom, crumpled and writhed, silently alive, and silently dead. "Belles-lettres" of Bui Ngoc Tan, is a chord of many "words" that were invoked from thousands and thousands of lives of anonymity in the same era. It is both pristine, bitter, and a sigh of pain, laden with deep thoughts. It's also the crystallization of the love of life and faith, thus the aspiration of social transformation. Using the sociocriticism, the writer focuses on researching the relationship between life and the working life of Bui Ngoc Tan through his works. And then, we will reach a deeper understanding of the value of Bui Ngoc Tan's literary heritage, the morality or the self-consciousness of the writer's social role, and the aspirations to improve society by literature that he cherished all life.
Europeanization process in Hanoi in the early 20th Century – Viewed from changing social position of women
The late nineteenth and early twentieth century was a period that Western culture had a strong influence on East Asia countries. The need for finding new markets and expanding colonies of Western countries made most countries of East Asia were at risk of becoming Western colonies. This historical situation forced East Asia countries - whether they like it or not - to "Europeanize" and to absorb Western civilization achievements to survive. However, whether the impacts of uropeanization on values of culture were positive or negative, the Europeanization was strongly depended on the cultural characteristics and processes in each country. In the early twentieth century, under the impact of the process of Europeanization, large cities in Vietnam - especially Hanoi - greatly transformed the appearance and functions from medieval to early modern cities. Through research on the changing social position of Hanoi women in the process of Europeanization in the early 20th century on four dimensions: Time, space, human, and methods, the paper indicated the reasons, characteristics, rules, trends of the fluctuation of cultural values in Hanoi in the early 20th century under the impact of the Europeanization process.
Potential and orientation for specific tourism products for Dak Nong’s tourism development
The Politburo Resolution No.08 on developing tourism into a spearhead economic sector has brought about the advantages of promoting tourism activities by the exploitation of natural resources, reducing poverty, and boosting the citizen's income. Under these beneficial conditions, Dak Nong province can have more opportunities to develop its local' s economy by investing in tourism. However, the interrelation of both competition and cooperation with the Central Highlands provinces, Dak Nong, needs to determine its own way to enhance the ompetitiveness for tourism development. Based on the theory of tourist destination attractiveness, the authors confirm that designing specific tourism products to promote destination image and to build up the attractiveness of tourist destinations in Dak Nong are necessary. Through assessment of the current situation and potential of tourism development, by using secondary information analyses and in-depth interviews, the result shows that tourism in Dak Nong has not been effectively exploited. In the coming time, specific tourism products based on resources from Dak Nong Geopark can be the key factors to promote the tourism image of Dak Nong.
Study about the Japanese family grave “ie haka” today - Through the research about Japanese family grave “ie haka” in big cities of Japan (Tokyo, Osaka
This paper studied the form of the family grave ``ie haka'' in Japan. Burying cremated ashes into family grave ``ie haka'' is the second stage of cremation, being practiced more than 90% in Japan. Through inheriting the result of precedence researches and material research, fieldwork of author, making clear the background, the characteristics, the present status, the trend in future, etc. of the family grave ``ie haka'' is the purpose of this paper. Among that, especially, emphasizing the ``traditional characteristic'', which has been still the debate point among the researchers when studying about family grave ``ie haka''. Through it, it is possible to understand the current burial method, as well as the religious consciousness, family… of Japan. And today, in Japan, in the background, many influencing factors such as family structure, religious beliefs concerning death, the afterlife, etc. has been changing outstandingly, the current status, change… of burial culture, including the family grave system ``ie haka'' has been the noticeable topic. This is also a significant keyword to understand Japanese society and culture. But in fact, it almost hasn't been studied in Vietnam. With this research, I hope to contribute to the study of such related fields of Japan, as mentioned above. And relating with Vietnam, in the context of urbanization and industrialization, many problems of burial cemeteries has occurred, and instead of it, cremation has been received gradually. Based on that, the noticeable change, such as the process of changing from handling burial bodies to cremated ashes, increasing the outside service in ancestor worship practice, etc. has been brought. Like that, through the study about the case of Japan, the similarities, experiences, and application in solving related issues in Vietnam are hoped to be clarified
Compare noun phrases in Stieng language and Vietnamese
This article presents about structural features of the noun phrase in Stieng language in order to define the similarities and differences points between the noun phrase in Stieng language and noun phrase in Vietnamese. Noun phrase has a central component, previous sub-components, and the following sub-components. Also, it has played a role in creating a sentence. Base on situations in communication, the noun phrase may be previous vacant sub-components or following subcomponents, but it can not be removed from the central component. The central component is mass nouns like as simple nouns, overall nouns, or abstract nouns. The previous sub-component includes quality words, numerals, or unit nouns. The following sub-component can be a noun, verb, pronoun, phrase, and followed by a demonstrative word. Stieng is a language of South Bahnaric subgroup, an Austroasiatic family, so there are many similarities with other languages such as Koho, Mnong, Ma, and Chrau. They belong to the Austroasiatic family, so they are closed contact with the Vietnamese.
Current situation to developing the social work profession in Ho Chi Minh City
Social work in hospitals is an important field in social work. In Vietnam, social work in hospitals is new, and its development has been started after we had the project of the development of social work profession by the Ministry of Health in the period 2011 - 2020 and the 43/2015/TT-BYT circular about instructions on the organization and implementation of the social work in hospitals. Due to the beginning, the development of social work in the hospital in Viet Nam in general and Ho Chi Minh city, in particular, have many issues to discuss. Research about the current situation to developing social work profession in hospitals in Ho Chi Minh City, we had using two main research methods: quantitative (total number of samples used is 120) and qualitative (total sample number is 15) in the social work team/room on 3 hospitals at district, city and central levels. The results of the study outlined an overview of the situation of implementation and effectiveness of social work activities in hospitals in Ho Chi Minh city: there are social workrooms/teams in all hospitals from the district to the city and central levels. Activities of social work in supporting patients and relatives of patients are diverse. Knowledge of the role of social work of the Management Board/Board of Directors, health workers, patients, and family members has been increased. However, there are still difficulties in organizing social work activities with the true of specialized and methods, there are also a less of social workers, social work services for health workers have hardly been implemented and performed… On that basis, we have also proposed solutions to promote the professionalization of social work in hospitals
Some recommendations for the enhancing of training quality through the link between universities and employers
In assuring and enhancing the quality of Vietnamese higher education, especially the output and outcome quality to fulfill the needs and requirements of the labor market, the curricula and training, as well as research activities, have to be continuously improved in accordance with the fast and constant changes in the globalized era, and to lead the society in various training fields. In addition, due to the massification of higher education, quite a lot of graduates who do not work in the academic or research areas need to be well equipped with a variety of skills required by different careers and labor contexts which are not approached in the academic context during the training period, especially the practical skills and experience. The paper first (1) gives an overview of theoretical background on the link between the university and the industry/labor market as well as the principles of curriculum development, development of research projects and programs in compliance with the stakeholders' requirements. Next, it aims to (2) present some common types and activities of connecting with various employers to enhance the quality of training for lecturers, managers, and students through some case studies of some typical educational programs assessed by AUN-QA among VNU-HCM. Finally, it (3) gives some recommendations for strengthening and developing stronger and more effective links with the employers to make full use of their contributions and enhance the quality of training, research in the Vietnamese higher education institutions in the integration era
Studying about “Wood burial” - a treatment of cremation ash in Japan, today
This paper studied ``wood burial'', a form of the burial of cremation ash under the tree in Japan today. Cremation has been conducted in Japan at a rate of more than 90%. Traditionally, the cremation ashes are buried in the family grave with known Japanese name as ``ie haka''. But now, in Japan, the factors influencing traditional customs such as family structure, the proportion of youngand old people, religious consciousness... are changing. This led to new trends and changes in the culture of treatment of cremated remains. Among that, ``wood burial'' has emerged and become increasingly popular. In general, the ``wood burial'' in Japan has many common features such as having harmony with nature, using trees instead of artificial gravestones, etc. in the general trend in the world. Besides, through my study, in the particular context of Japan, the Japanese style wood burial, inheriting traditional characteristics such as burying the cremated ashes in the family unit (like family grave), the permanence of grave,etc...has been clarified. Like that, inheriting the previous studies, this paper did a research about the background, characteristics, popularity… of the ``wood burial'' in Japan. It is also a noticeable topic of having attracted attention from various viewpoints nowadays. Through this, it is possible to understand Japanese burial culture, the culture of family, ancestor worship, etc. And relating to Vietnam, it is also a meaningful topic in the background that cremation has been increasingly accepted in Vietnam, and based on that, in the culture of burial, ancestor worship custom… the change has been happening. Through the study, the author hopes to contribute to providing the knowledge systematically about this new topic in Vietnam. In this paper, through fieldwork research of the author, clarifying the characteristic, the acceptance and performance of wood burial,…, and through it, making clear the culture of treatment of cremation ashes, the change of family structure, ancestor worship, the concept of patriarchy... in Japan nowadays, is the purpose of my research. This topic has almost not been studied in Vietnam systematically and is meaningful in the context cremation is increasingly accepted, and brings changes in burial culture, the ancestor worship… in Vietnam today.
The hoa’s temples and huiguans in the cultural belief life of Hoian people (Quang Nam) in the past and present
Hoian (Quangnam) is the land of favorable natural conditions, a long – standing history and diversified culture, which shaped during different ages of rise and fall. In 17th – 18th centuries, Hoian was an urban center and a prosperous trade – port where the Hoa people has set foot and began their settling. At that time, the Hoa in Hoian built their own oganizations of five bangs (a type of self – governing institutions of Hoa people and approved by the authorirties), including: Guangdong (Quảng Đông), Jujian (Phúc Kiến), Chaozhou (Triều Châu), Hainam (Hải Nam) and Hakka (Gia Ứng) bangs. The bang, in its turn, has founded the communal institutions such as schools, hospitals, banks, pagodas, cimenteries, and temples and huiguans for the especials. At present, Hoian have a temple (Guangong temple at No 24, Tran Phu street, Minh An ward) and five huiguans of the Hoa. The each huiguan (one of these four huiguans) belongs to one concrete bang; those are Fujian Huiguan (No 46, Tran Phu street, Minh An ward) for Fujian group, Chaozhou Huiguan (No 157, Nguyen Duy Hieu street, Son Phong ward) for Chaozhou group, Hainan Huiguan (No 10, Tran Phu, Minh An ward) for Hainan group and Guanzhao Huiguan (No 176, Tran Phu street, Minh An ward) for Guangdong group. Chinese Huiguan (No 64, Tran Phu street, Minh An ward) is a common place for 5 bangs in Hoian. As for Hakka bang, they had joined in Chinese Huiguan because of having no their own huiguan. For the Hoa's community in Hoian and Vietnam in general, the roles of temple and huiguan system represented via aspects of their cultural and belief life, economic activities and social organizational system. This case–study report will take an overview analysis of the importance of this communal building system in Hoian (Quangnam province) at the respects of culture and belief life.
Edo Shigusa- A system of behavior manners for Japanese merchants in Edo period
Edo Shigusa was a system of behavior manners for Japanese merchants, was taught in the late Edo period. In the process of forming and developing this manner, the Edo-period instructors encountered many objections from the Tokugawa shogunate because they thought that its syllabus risked influence on the politics of the nation, causing Edo merchants not publicly but only in the form of word of mouth. Professor Shiba Mitsuakira was the instructor of Edo Shigusa, who is considered as the last surviving member of Edo Shigusa instructors, holded the seminar "Looking ack to the good points of Edo Shigusa" in 1974. He synthesized all of syllabus in the Edo period, calling these manners are "Merchant manners", "Prosperity rules", "Edo Shigusa usiness hilosophers" and finally, named them as ``Edo Shigusa''. After restoration and development since 1980, Edo Shigusa has become a common standard in communication, a measure of manners not only for Japanese businessmen but also for ordinary people today. This study, from a cultural point of view, outlines some manners for Japanese merchants in the Edo period, influences in today's era, and analyzes its good and bad sides to explain the general information of Japanese businessmen in particular and Japanese people in general
Tourism and event organization in the promotion of Vietnamese culture to Japan
In the current integration as deep, cultural promotion is an indispensable trend of most countries expanding international relations and developing countries in all aspects. Cultural promotion is capable of addressing the great challenges of the era towards sustainability, such as challenges of poverty, backwardness, instability, and conflict. When the cultures of countries are in contact with each other, the promotion of culture is really necessary. For Vietnam, cultural promotion is an effective means of cultural globalization and a positive measure for Vietnam to build and expand Vietnam's soft power to the world. In recent years, Vietnam has had many activities to promote international cooperation relations with Japan, especially in the early years of the 21st century. This article confirms in the context of the promotion strategy of Vietnamese culture to Japan, tourism activities, and event organization as important channels to attract mutual understanding between the two countries. It also helps promote the image of the country, people, and culture of Vietnam to Japan. Since then, this will create a strong international relationship between the two countries and create favorable development conditions for Vietnam in the world.
Agritourism: cultural identity of the K’Ho Cil in their exploitation of green coffee cultivation off tourism development in Lac Duong town, Lac Duong district, Lam Dong province
These days, with the aspiration of proceeding the sustainable development in the agriculture sector or balance among three main factors consisting economy, environment and society in the growth of tourism, ``agritourism'' has been considered an optimal choice to such an area with advantageous geological features as Lac Duong town, Lam Dong province. Possessing a green coffee farm, the K'Ho Cil community has not only developed ``agritourism'' model based on agricultural activities (the process of cultivation, supervising, manufacturing), turning it into a part of experience tourism, but also expressed their cultural identity. Relying on conducting a research on how K'Ho Cil people, living in Lac Duong town, have been establishing and operating green farm model and green coffee which are supported by both modern and traditional techniques, thus effectively sold high- value agricultural products and re-created identity culture during the period of tourism's development, the aim of this article is to propose a sustainable tourism structure based on ``agritourism'' model particularly in ethnic areas and generally in the whole country.
History of the relations between Vietnam and Turkey (from the late 19th century to present)
The Republic of Turkey and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam celebrated the 40th anniversary of its diplomatic relations in 2018. In history, due to the geographic distance and differences of many aspects of language, religion and culture, the contact and relations between two nations were very limited. However, the relations between Turkey and Vietnam have achieved some prominent events. For example, on the voyage to Japan of a frigate named Ertuğrul of the Ottoman navy in 1890, it stopped to visit Sai Gon. During the Vietnam War, some of Turkish staffs and journalists like H. Oğuz Barut and Sami Kohen came to the South of Vietnam and reported on the war that was happening in Vietnam. These reports led the Turkish people have the objective and impartial perceptions of the country and people of Vietnam. After the Vietnam War ended, in 1978 the Turkish Government established diplomatic relations with the Vietnamese Government. Since that time, the diplomatic relations between two countries have gained some significant achievements. This article researches the relations between Turkey and Vietnam from the late of the nineteenthcentury to the present. Based on some basic references, the Turkish — Vietnamese relations could be divided into three periods: in the late 19th century, during the Vietnam War and since 1978 to the present. Key words:
Designing tourism products for Dak Nong province in the perspectives of regional linkage
The Central Highlands is a tourism region rich in natural tourism resources and unique cultural characteristics, forming Vietnam's special tourist hubs such as Da Lat and Buon Ma Thuot. In addition to these key hubs, there is another locality with great potential for the resources that are capable of creating a new tourism space associated with the typical natural landscape and unique ethnic cultural values: Dak Nong Province. With the advantages of available resources and the geographical location with accessibility to Ho Chi Minh City and the vicinity of the Central Highlands and South Central regions, Dak Nong is eligible to develop into a new tourism destination, creating a counterbalance, stimulating production and diversifying tourism services for the Central Highlands in general and Vietnam in particular. Based on the results of field research in July 2018 and January 2019, the paper proposes directions for designing Dak Nong's overall tourism products in the perspectives of regional linkage. The viewpoint of the paper is that building tourism products is essential for tourism development and must be oriented towards establishing regional links. Designing Dak Nong's tourism products in the perspectives of regional linkage needs to be based on the competitive advantages of each locality's advantages. Unlike economic regional links in which the state plays an important role, the key role in these tourism value chains must be played by tourism enterprises; the State plays a leading role in creating an environment for these chains to work.
The South China Sea issue in U.S. - Vietnam relations under President B. Obama
The South China Sea is one of the most important trade pathways in theworld. Its strategic economic importance and its geographic location at the confluence of several spheres of influence have rendered it one of the ``world's hotspots''. The South China Sea issue began as a territorial dispute over the sovereignty of the islands and sea territory involving China, five ASEAN countries including Vietnam, the Philippines, Malaysia, Brunei, Indonesia, and Taiwan. While the South China Sea has been the subject of disputes of sovereignty for some time, the conflict began to intensify when China established its nine-dash line in 2012 outlining its territorial claims in the body of water. China's aggressive stance has prompted reactions from ASEAN countries as well as the US. The South China Sea is an area with relevance to U.S.'s national economic, strategic, security interests, so that increased tension within this area may threaten U.S.'s national interests. Vietnam is also aware that the United States is a superpower that shares concerns about China, as well as its influence in the region can play an important role in balancing power in the South China Sea Conflict. U.S presence help to contain China's aggressive actions, and multilateralization or internationalization of the South China Sea issues is also a contributing factor to control conflict. Therefore, the dispute in the South China Sea is a factor making a closer relationship between the U.S. and Vietnam. Vietnam and the United States established a Comprehensive Partnership in 2013, under which the two countries will strengthen and expand cooperation. In the future, U.S. - Vietnam cooperation will promote strong development, including sensitive fields, because of based on common strategic interests, including "sensitive" fields such as security and defense.
Risk – coping strategies of undocumented workers: Case study of Vietnamese migrant to Thailand
Sofar,studies on labour migration in Vietnam have often focused on domestic migration, international migration, refugee migration, force migration; ignored the cross – border undocumented migration. At the North Central Coast provinces: Ha Tinh, Nghe An, many rural workers always choose Thailand as the destination because of convenience transport and seeking job easily. However, the lack of supplying labour official or contract papers legally, they often faced to risks and uncertainties. This paper aims to provide an analysis of these undocumented migration flows from Vietnam to Thailand by indepth interview and participant observation methods. The main issues in this article include: (1) describes the risks of Vietnamese workers through employment, housing, legal status in Thailand and (2) analysis the coping – risk strategies of Vietnamese workers in Thailand. Inside these, express on the renewal and completion of visa such as a special trick helps them respond to risky types. Finally, the article contributes to the development of new research directions on policies for these undocumented migrant workers.
Some issues about smart cities and the application to Ho Chi Minh city
Nowadays, more than 55% of the world's population lives in urban areas. In the time when humans are beings facing the pressure of population explosion and climate change, technology was a key to solve the problems of modern cities. Many models of cities have been chosen to develop cities in the world such as green cities, global cities, livable cities… Born from the 1990s and becoming more and more popular since 2010, smart cities have been the most chosen development model of cities in the world. And Barcelona, Seoul, Singapore were successful cases which transformed into smart cities. Similarly, as the largest economic hub of Viet Nam, Ho Chi Minh City encounters serious challenges of socio-economic transformations, climate change; thus, it needs a new growth model. In Nov. 2017, Ho Chi Minh City promulgated the plans for the transformation towards a smart city soon in the 2017-2020 period and with a vision to 2025. This paper aims to analyze issues about smart cities, lessons from prosperous cities in the process of building a smart city and of applying the lessons to the case of Ho Chi Minh City
Principle of dialogue in Mikhail Bakhtin’s poetics
Mikhail Bakhtin (1895 - 1975) had a great influence on the history of modern poetics in the world. From the 1980s onwards, the adoption of Bakhtin's poetics was of great significance, contributing to the development of poetics in Vietnam in nearly four decades. One of the essential foundations for his theory is the principle of dialogue. However, applying the principle of dialogue in a systematic relationship with Bakhtin's academic legacy, especially its relation to the principle of carnaval, has never become easy for a consensus. The duty of this essay is to analyze the principle of dialogue in a systematic view. Dialogue is first a linguistic principle proposed on the basis of counter-argument of the linguistic theory of F.D. Saussure. The carnaval principle is a cultural basis for applying the principle of dialogue into the study of literature. By connecting these two principles to a system, Bakhtin wanted to promote the study of literature to cultural poetics. Applying the principle of dialogue for study Dostoievski's work, he discovered the kind of novel that had never appeared before: polyphonic novel. This type of novel contains a new structure in the relationship between the author and the character, and if not based on the principle of dialogue, it is difficult to understand its full value.
The intentions to replace Ngo Dinh Diem of us officials from ambassador lawton collins to ambassador Henry Cabot Lodge (1955 - 1963)
After the Geneva Agreement of 1954, the US officials supported Ngo Dinh Diem come to power in South Vietnam in the hope that he would obey, but later realized that they could not control him. While Americans were worried about Diem, he himself was worried about the US. The US viewed economic aid and their increased military presence as a prerequisite, if not a guarantee for a must-have reform to win the war in Vietnam. Diem accepted all the support in terms of military and economy but he still acted on his will, not being subject to the US advice. Despite all warnings, Diem continued dealing with, in an unwise manner, movements against the Ngo government. This approach made the US war target in Vietnam at risk of failure. Diem's government gradually eliminated all political oppositions and created a power vacuum in South Vietnam that gave Americans no other choice but the existing government. Therefore, Americans were forced to ``swim'' or to ``sink'' with Diem even though this regime became increasingly unpopular. US officials had almost never found a perfect solution for South Vietnam. The intentions to replace Diem appeared once he came to power (1955) until it became a reality (1963).
Conflict of water using resources under the impacts of Ba Lai sluice dam in Ben Tre province
The buiding of gaint Ba Lai sluice dam is an importantpart of the Bac Ben Tre Water Management Project. The dam construction operation in April 30th 2002 influencesall brackish ecosystems to fresh water ecosystem and also changes sea - river dynamic operations, four districts include: Binh Dai, Ba Tri, Giong Trom and Chau Thanh. Since then, the livelihood of local people has change to adapt to a new characteristic of ecosystem. There are three main agriculture activities: agricultural activities in fresh water ecosystem, aquaculture, pork producer. These economic activities not only affects on the water system in this area but also leads to the conflict of water using in this area. The main objective of the paper is to analyze the current state of conflict on the use of water in people's lives under the impact of the Ba Lai dam. An indepth interview techniques in combination with reference from previous data were were applied to study in 36 households and 8 local governmental staffs. The maxtrict analyse base on primary data were characterized such as: (i) the conflict between aquaculture and fresh water agriculture households, (ii) the conflict between aquaculture households, (iii) the conflict between pork producer and (vi) the conflict between households and local government.
Independence of the maid in Binh Tan District, Ho Chi Minh City
Housework is a very important profession in modern society. In urban areas, the demand for skilled housework is high, but the quality of the labor force is low, resulting in a shortage of labor. The scope of the report is the women who work as a maid in Binh Tan District. This is a suburban district where many young couples choose to settle, and they have a high need for helpers. The maid is also "liberated" when they participate in the job to earn their income. The research team is interested in two groups of female maids who currently live and work in two different spaces (apartment buildings and residential area). With qualitative research methods, the authors conducted in-depth interviews with 15 female assistants in Hai Thanh apartment building and residential in Binh Tri Dong B ward, Binh Tan district, Ho Chi Minh city. Each interviewee was approached by the authors at least twice with the observation method. The authors obtained the results of the self-help of the female assistants by 05 contents: resolving the conflict between housework with the owner; make income of housework; building social relationships; know and enforce labor law; planning future plans of housework.
Young people’s perceptions of the principle of responsible travel behavior in destinations(survey on students in Ho Chi Minh city)
Responsible tourism is a part of the issue set forth in the shared vision of sustainable tourism. The rapid development of tourism on a global scale requires social and environmental social responsibility for all stakeholders. Responsible tourism places the issue of tourism consumption in a more conscious way of preserving natural resources and the environment, respecting social and cultural values. Based on analyzing responsible tourism issues from a visitor pe a young tourist's perception survey in Ho Chi Minh City on the behavior principle of responsible tourism to determine the level their understanding of responsible views and behavior. The survey conducted on students (high school and university) in Ho Chi Minh City with a questionnaire designed to collect information on tourism participation, information topics that are pre-planned for travel, and cognitive attitudes towards key issues of the principle of responsible travel behavior. From the survey results, a content framework on responsible tourism awareness tourism is proposed with the expectation to apply to the practice of communication and community education about responsible tourism
Impacts of the participation in multi-level marketing business model on the student life of Viet Nam National University Ho Chi Minh City
This study focuses on the impacts of the participation in multi-level marketing business model on the student life of Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City. To gather information, the team used the interview method (via questionnaire tool) for 60 students participating in multi-level marketing business model at member universities. Collected data is processed through methods of analysis, synthesis, comparison, and descriptive statistics. The results indicate that: (1) In terms of materiallife, the participation in multi-level marketing business model helps students gain additional income, develop their skills, and expand their social relationships. However, if they participate in nefarious companies, they may face the risk of losing their money and other consequences. (2) In terms of moral life, business makes students feel happier. However, the psychology of students is not really comfortable when their learning results go down; the time that they spent on recreation and physical exercise is reduced.
Buddhist approach in constructing the basis of educational ethics
Nowadays, it is essential to educate university students about educational ethics. Universities do not only focus on training a highly qualified workforce but also appreciate the importance of ethical education, which teaches students to live virtuously. In the history of Vietnam, Buddhism is a religion that always has a deep connection with Vietnamese culture and onsciousness. Appreciating the compassion which helps people nurture their kindness and maintain their good conscience in life, Buddhism provides us with useful devices for ethical education in schools. The Buddhist approach in education, therefore, proves advantageous and suitable for students' psychology and parents' aspirations. Our research focuses on the case of the University of Social Sciences and Humanities, VNU-HCM (HCMUSSH). Many different subjects that relate to Buddhism in general and Buddhist ethics specifically are being taught at HCMUSSH. Besides, a number of Buddhist scholars from the Centre for Buddhist Studies and Buddhist Academy of Ho Chi Minh City have been invited to give lectures on Buddhism and participate in conversations with lecturers and students of HCMUSSH about the application of Buddhist ethics to social life. This paper is aimed to express our opinions on the importance of the Buddhist approach in the higher education system, which may answer the research question of whether Buddhism plays an essential role in constructing the foundation for educational ethics.
Features in the beliefs in the mother goddesses in Lam Dong
For a long time, Beliefs in the Mother Goddesses has become a topic that attracts many researchers in different fields of science. Especially after the Practices Related to the Viet Beliefs in the Mother Goddesses in Three Realms recognized by the UNESCO as an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity the number of monographs and articles that mention different aspects of this worship is more diverse. In the mid-20s of the twentieth century, Beliefs in the Mother Goddesses appeared on Lang Biang plateau along with the process of migration, settling and forming Vietnamese community in this land. After nearly a century of introduction, shaping and development in the new land of the South Central Highlands, besides keeping the cognitive values, human values and traditional art and culture of Beliefs in the Mother Goddesses. In addition to preserving the cognitive values, human values and traditional art and culture of Beliefs in the Mother Goddesses in the Northern Delta, this worship of ethnic Viet group in Lam Dong had a process of interference, shaping and development with many differences. These characteristics are reflected in the diversity in the form of worship and religious activities. Using some main methods such as synthesis methods, analytical methods, qualitative research methods with the approach of ethnic minority fieldwork through two forms of observation and participation as well as conducting in-depth interviews ... the research will cover access to features in the Mother worshiping tradition in Lam Dong on the basis of comparison with the worship of the same name throughout the country. Besides, the article also points out some of the main reasons leading to the formation of these characteristics.
Establishing criteria for evaluating lecturers’ competences: solutions for improving quality of lecturers at University of Social Sciences and Humanities, VNU -HCM
In the higher education environment, lecturers play an extremely important role in higher education of universities. Assessing the higher education quality based on many standards such as the training program, the facilities, the teaching staff, the supporting staff to the learners, the measures of quality improvement, ... In which, improving the qualified lecturers who meet the training needs and implementing the strategic goals of each university is as one of the requirements important. Assessing lecturers' competences is considered one of the mandatory requirements for measuring the quality of university education. The assessment of lecturers' competences is based on a variety of criteria, in which the competences of teaching, scientific research and community service are considered the core competences of the lecturer. The paper presents the necessity of proposing criteria for assessing lecturers' competences. Besides, the paper also analyzes some of the basic criteria for assessing lecturers' competences. Then, some solutions are proposed to apply these criteria in assessing the competences of lecturers at the University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vietnam National University-Hochiminh.
The new development of India - Myanmar relations during two decades after the Cold War: The bases and achievements
India and Myanmar are two mutual neighboring countries which have the traditional, longstanding and close relations. Over many periods of ups and downs in history, the links of politics, culture, religion, society... between India and Myanmar are the basis of this relations in the modern. After formally establishing the diplomatic relations in 1948, the relationship between two countries entered the period of peace, cooperation and development. From 1962 to 1991, the relations between two countries have become cold and declining. After the end of the Cold War, the trend of dialogue, peace and cooperation along with the development needs of India and Myanmar created new catalysts for the development of this relations. India - Myanmar relations have shifted from a cold and trained status (1962 - 1991) to improvement, consolidation and development in the years 1992 - 2014. In addition, the relationship between two countries was developed on the basis of inheriting the achievements of the previous period (1948 - 1991) but instead of being mainly in the political field, there was a complete development in many aspects (politics - diplomacy, economy, security - defense...) for two decades after the end of the Cold War. By the historical method and logical method are mainly, this article focuses on analyzing the bases which promote India - Myanmar relations's development in the years after the Cold War and this relationship's major achievements in politics - diplomacy, economy, security - defense. On that basis, the article's author drew conclusions about the development of India - Myanmar relations in the research period.