Science and Technology Development Journal: Economics-Law and Management
The jornal of Viet Nam National University Ho Chi Minh City
Sustainable development model for universities in developing countries
The purpose of this article is to provide insight into education systems of developing countries and models of their functioning. The article looks at the balance of business universities in different aspects and angles (both financial and non-financial) and finds that the approach that combines different alternative functioning models will make business universities more strategically sustainable. In developing countries there have been a lot of societal and political attentions paid to privatize public universities and/or put more control on private universities. Those attentions should be paid to the alternative models making them more competitive that means effective at a reasonable cost.
Copyright (c) 2020 Science and Technology Development Journal: Science of the Earth & Environment
Interaction between factors of local public governance in enabling business environment : A case study of Quang Ngai
This paper examines factors in the enabling business environment in the provinces. Applying the CFA approach in Quang Ngai province, authors use the primary data which is surveyed at Quang Ngai province. Authors implemented the practical model which was builtstable structure. The research results showed that the factors in the business environment are closely related, in addition, the policy-making and policy-making factors are the most correlation. The authors suggest some implications to improve the local enabling business environment
Factors influencing the intention to subscribe to voluntary social insurance of famers: A case study in Phu Yen Province
To verify the factors affecting the intention to subscribe to voluntary social insurance of farmers in Phu Yen Province, the study made use of primary data collected from the survey on 325 farmer households in 4 localities in Phu Yen. Employing a model with 7 independent variables, we found that the intention to voluntary subscription to social insurance of Phu Yen farmers is determined by 5 factors, including “Awareness of voluntary social insurance policy”, “Attitude towards subscription”, “Risk awareness”, “Subscription procedures”, and “Moral responsibility”. Based on this result, we propose some policies to encourage farmers in Phu Yen to voluntarily participate in social insurance, in particular renewing organizing quality, raising farmers’ awareness of the necessity for voluntary social insurance, improving policy mechanisms and strengthening the State’s management.
Factors affecting the success in business of small and medium enterprises in Ho Chi Minh City
This research aims to identify the factors affecting the success of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Ho Chi Minh city. It helps to reduce the risk of failure and increase the chances of success for the business. The study examined seven factors affecting the success of SMEs in Ho Chi Minh city. These factors include: technology resources, management skills, products and services, marketing strategies, ways of business and collaboration, financial resources, and the external environment. The theoretical framework has been drawn up and the questionnaire has been designed based on the selected elements. Seven hypotheses have been developed to identify the factors that influence the business success of small and medium enterprises in Ho Chi Minh city. All hypotheses have been successfully tested and accepted with MINITAB software. The results of the regression analysis show that technological resources, management skills, products and services, marketing strategies, ways of business and cooperation, financial resources and external environment exist have significant positive impacts on the success of SMEs in Ho Chi Minh city.
Vietnam's national science and technology parks: An overview an some suggestions
Vietnam has three national science and technology parks (STP) and several local and specialized ones. In fact, the activities of STPs show that they have made great contributions to technology transfer and regional economic development. Building an STP is a trend and even a difficult alternative to the needs and policies of knowledge-based economic development, but they are not well-known. This paper, therefore, identifies and recommends some policy implications for the establishment and improvement of the STPs in Vietnam. This paper focuses on some key issues such as the existing models of STPs, their successful factors as well as effective approaches of STPs’ ownership and management.
Factors influencing the decision to buy fruits and vegetables from supermarket channel of consumers in Nha Trang
Vegetables are indispensable foods in people's daily meals. Today, with the improvement of living standard, the demand for fruits and vegetables increases not only in terms of quantity but also quality. Thus, the emergence of modern sales channels such as supermarkets and convenience stores for consumers’ greater access to clean, safe and convenient vegetables is inevitable. The objective of this study is to determine the factors influencing the decision to choose supermarket channels when buying fruits and vegetables of consumers in Nha Trang. Based on qualitative and quantitative research methods, this study proposes a model consisting of eight factors. The final result showed that 6 factors affect the decision of the consumers, including: Technical characteristics, convenient location, characteristics of the shop, promotions, health concerns and trust. This is one of the important bases in proposing solutions to attract and increase the number of consumers buying vegetables at supermarkets.
Some issues of summary procedure in the 2015 Civil code: A comparative perspective
A summary procedure is understood as a special procedure simplifying the ordinary one to deal with civil disputes in a truncated process. This can help to reduce time and costs for the litigants and the State, cut down workload for the courts at all levels. However, since summary procedure is a new regulation which was first recorded in the 2015 Civil Code, its application has certain problems and therefore requiries specific guideline. The paper analyzes regulations on summary procedures in the 2015 Civil Code from the perspective of comparative law and suggests some recommendation for improvement
Applying approximate entropy to compare the randomness of data series in Aseans’stock markets
The paper calculates the approximate entropy using the algorithm proposed by Pincus (2008) on the daily closing price of ASEAN countries’ stock indices collected from the Datastream from January 2000 to December 2016. The approximate entropy is employed to measure the randomness of financial time series in ASEAN countries’ stock markets. The results on the whole data show that the fluctuation rate of return is much higher than the stock index and Singapore has the most stochastic time series, including stock index and its return. Indonesia’s stock index exhibits the lowest randomness as suggested by approximate entropy. After crisis, the randomness of time series in the Vietnam’s market is sharply enhanced and the Philippines has become a potential country for investors to seek arbitrage opportunities
Les principales questions juridiques posées par l’informatique en nuage
Les implications juridiques de l’utilisation de solutions de Cloud computing sont largement similaires à celles de tout contrat d’externalisation avec une tierce partie. Une différence majeure en utilisant un fournisseur de Cloud découle de la souplesse du mouvement des données entre les serveurs qui peuvent être situés dans diverses parties du monde. Il est donc difficile de déterminer quelle loi s’applique à un moment donné pour les données, notamment parce que les données peuvent également avoir été fragmentées en fonction notamment de la disponibilité ou de la capacité du service Cloud. Cet article recense les principales questions juridiques posées par l’informatique en nuage afin de déterminer l’ordre juridique qui assure une protection adéquate.
Factors affecting cost of debt of companies listed on Ho Chi Minh S tock Exchange
Cost of debt is one of factors that firms consider when making their financing decision. Firms use more debt for their operating business in case of lower debt cost. Therefore, determing the impact factors on cost debt is interested in by firms and scholars. This study uses samples of 313 listed firms on Ho Chi Minh Stock exchange over period 2012 to 2017. The finding is that foreign ownership, state ownership, and financing leverage adversely affect on debt cost, while average 12-month interest positively impacts on the cost of debt.
The relationship between quality, service value, customer satisfaction and behavioral intentions: A case study in mobile banking in Ho Chi Minh City
Based on theoretical models of Cornin et al. (1999, 2000) and Wang et al. (2004), this study attempts to examine whether customer value is an intermediary factor that affects service quality, customer satisfaction and behavioral intentions. The research was conducted on a sample of 194 consumers in Ho Chi Minh City. Scales of the research was developed through Cronbach’s alpha test, exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Path Analysis pointed out that customer value is an intermediary factor in cause and effect relationship between the factors of service quality, customer satisfaction and behavioral intentions. This was due to the fact that improved satisfaction leads to positive behavior (Cornin et al., 1999, 2000). Besides, the research also found that network quality, tangible have a significant impact on customer value and customer satisfaction. It is undeniable that service suppliers should improve those factors in order to satisfy customer.
Chất lượng dịch vụ ngân hàng điện tử tại ngân hàng số Timo Việt Nam - Chi nhánh Hồ Chí Minh
In the context of the strong development of science and technology in finance and banking, Fintech has emerged as the most important trend. Fintech (Financial Technology) can be divided into two categories. The first one includes customer service companies that provide technological tools to improve personal lending, money management and funding for start-ups. The second one includes “back-office” companies that offer technology for financial institutions. New-generation digital banking Timo has increased the public awareness of Fintech through the application of Internet and technology in mobile banking. The paper presents an overview of digital banking of Timo and survey results of its services, thereby offering some suggestions to further develop this form of banking in the future.
Suggestions to modify Vietnam’s legal provisions on the insurable interest in life insurance
The insurable interest in life insurance is a core principle for the parties to enter into an insurance contract. In case the policyholder does not have insurable interest to the insured, the life insurance contract will become invalid or the life insurance contract will terminate when the policyholder no longer has insurable interest in accordance with Vietnam Insurance Business Law. The practice of life insurance contract performance has raised many issues related to the insurable interest that Vietnam Insurance Business Law has not mentioned or are still lacking. Therefore, the legal provisions on insurable interest are covered with many shortcomings, and inconsistent with the practice of insurance business. On the basis of analysis of caselaw and insurance statutes in US jurisdiction, the author proposes to modify the legal provisions on the insurable interest stipulated in the Vietnam Insurance Business Law..
Post TPP - Should Vietnam revise Internet copyright regulations?
To cope with the proliferation of online copyright piracy, a number of para-copyright regimes have been supplemented to the traditional copyright system. Among these lie the legal reinforcement of the right to use Digital Right Management technology (DRM) by copyright holders and ISP’s secondary liability regime for copyright infringement by users. Being one of the most “modern” trade deals, the Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement put these two regimes on the agenda with an aim to harmonize the copyright regimes among members (toward U.S. DMCA model). The suspension of four provisions on these supplement regimes in the Comprehensive and Progressive Trans Pacific Partnership Agreement is appreciated by the remaining eleven member states as it provides them with a higher level of flexibility in implementing their international commitments. For the case of Vietnam, the suspension does not mean a relief of obligations but an opportunity to review and revise their Internet copyright regulations. Based on the analysis of (i) technological, economic and legal foundations for the reinforcement of self-help remedy in the form of DRMs, (ii) experience in the development and implementation of DRM protection regime and ISP’s liability regime in Vietnam, and (iii) the meaning of the Internet copyright-related provisions in TTP; this article will provide certain policy implications for Vietnam when revising these provisions in order to (i) keep the balance between incentive to create and expansion of public access; (ii) avoid the abuse of copyright on the Internet and (iii) prepare better for the negotiation of similar modern FTA in the future.
Submission on improving acquisition of risk prevention and limit the bad debts of credit cards
To develop a sound personal credit market, especially credit cards, prevent and reduce the increasing bad debts in this market, it is necessary to establish, enhance and supplement the legal framework on issuance, granting credit card limits. Through the research about legal regulations on issuing conditions, granting personal credit limit via credit cards in developed countries in Europe, the U.S., and Canada, this paper aims to present findings on the above issues to contribute to the establishment, enhancement of and supplement to the Vietnam’s legal framework on the issuance and settlement of credit card bad debts.
Factors affecting customer satisfaction and loyalty: A case study in Ben Tre
The paper defines and measures key factors affecting Homestay tourist loyalty in Ben Tre using qualitative and quantitative methods, in which the qualitative research is carried out through focus group discussions with 10 tourists and the other through direct interviews with 294 tourists in Ben Tre Province, Vietnam. The results show that: (i) tourist loyalty is affected by tourist satisfaction, Homestay service quality, cultural contact, tourist satisfaction, and local food; and (ii) tourist satisfaction is affected by Homestay service quality, cultural contact, and local food. However, the research has certain limitations, namely small sample size of 294 tourists and convenient sampling technique through direct interviews with respondents who are using Homestay service in Ben Tre
Application of CANON-SBR process for ammonium removal from old municipal old landfill leachate
CANON (Completely Autotrophic Nitrogen-removal Over Nitrite) is the process combined Partial Nitritation and Anammox in a single reactor to remove ammonium from wastewater. This study used a lab-scale SBR Sequencing Bach Reactor for CANON process (CANON-SBR) to treat ammonium from old municipal solid waste landfill leachate. The reactor was run at two phases: (i) In adaptation phase, the synthetic wastewater containing 139 ± 9 mg/l as NH4+-N was fed into the reactor, and (ii) In operation phase, the reactor was fed with leachate taken from the Go Cat municipal lanfill which was closed since 2007. The reactor was run at ammonium loading rate of 0.2 kgN/m3.day and HRT of 0.6 day in the adaptation phase. pH and DO values in the reactor were controled in the ranges of 7.4 – 7.6 and 0.1 – 0.2 mg/l, respectively. After 15 days of adaptation, total nitrogen removal of 72% was obtained. Then, the leachate containing 3,000 mg/l NH4+-N and 100 mg/l TSS was fed into the SBR. DO and pH were the key operation parameters for CANON process control. CANON-SBR obtained stable treatment efficiciency at DO ranging from 0.05-0.2 mg/l and pH values of 7.5 – 7.6. The obtained TN and COD removals were above 93% and 40%, respectively, when SBR was run at nitrogen loading rate of 0,4 kgN/m3.day and HRT of 7.43 day. TN concentration of the final batch was 34 mg/l that is met with column B1 QCVN 25:2009/BTNMT (TN< 60 mg/l), while nitrite and nitrate were not detected in the supernatant. This shows that co-existence of denitrifiers which consume nitrate produced from Anammox was available in biomass of the reactor. Numerous Anammox granules in dark red color happened after 20 days of running with leachate. Size of Anammox granules ranged from 5 - 800 μm, among that 73% of granule with size of 20 - 200 μm. The average granule diameter was 97.57 μm
Chronic efffects of bisphenol an exposure on zebrafish (Danio rerio) at juvenile state
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disrupting chemical, therefore some countries have banned the use of it in plastic containers for food storage and plastic toys for children. BPA can be found in natural waters with measured concentrations varying from ng/l to mg/l. However, in fact that the chronic ecotoxicology data obtained from aquatic animals for BPA exposure at these levels are quite few. Methods: In this study zebrafish at 30 days of age were exposed to four variants 0, 1, 10 and 100 μg/l BPA along 60 days, which is the fasted growth period in zebrafish (Juvenile stage). At the end of the experiments, all fish weight and length were measured and their fresh livers were used for histological assessment. Results: The results showed that weight and length of fish in 100 mg/l BPA group increased significantly as compared with that in the other experimental groups. Also only in this group, changes in hepatic morphology such as vacuolar number and size increasement, cytoplasmicand/or nuclear enlargement, glycogen reduction, lipid enhancement, were observed, but especially no significant inflammation. Fish in the other groups exposed to BPA concentrations <100mg/l had no change in all targeted endpoints as compared with that of the control. Conclusion: Chronic exposure of 100mg/L BPA to zebrafish along the fast-growth period (Juvenile) caused increasement of weight and length, and altered morphology of hepatic cells, that may harm to liver functions
3D numerical modeling of flow and sediment transport in rivers and open channels
Numerical model is a useful tool in studying the flow and sediment transport, change in river bed and is built on solving governing differential equations. Numerical model has many different levels and three-dimensional model is the highest level, allowing detailed simulation of flow and sediment transport process in 3D space. The paper presents a method calculating three - dimensional flow and sediment transport in the open channel. Water level and flow velocity are solved from three-dimensional equations with hydrostatic hypothesis. Concentration of suspended sediment, bottom sediment and bottom evolution is solved from transport equations. The governing differential equations in the "sigma" transform coordinate system are solved by finite volume method on unstructured grid of quadrilateral elements. Boundary condition of water level or flow will be imposed on open boundary. For suspended sediment concentrations in the injected phase, suspended sediment concentrations are applied and the outflow phase applies free drainage conditions. This method of calculation was tested with the problem of curved channel sediment transport which was studied experimentally by Odgaard and Bergs. Calculation results are quite consistent with the measured data. In order to test the practical applicability, this method is also tested with the problem of sediment transport in Cu lao Pho islet on Dong Nai river. To solve the matter of hydraulic boundary condition of this problem, the model of Cu lao Pho islet is integrated into the Sai Gon - Dong Nai river system model. Results of the calculation of the river bed evolution of the Cu lao Pho islet on the Dong Nai river also show that this calculation method gives results consistent with the rule and can be used in practical research
An A2O-MBR system for simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal from brewery wastewater
Anaerobic/Anoxic/Oxic – Membrane BioReactor (A2O-MBR) system was used to enhance simultaneous removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from brewery wastewater. The A2O unit containing microorganisms with short solids retention time (SRT) was employed mainly for removal of organic matter and phosphorus together with denitrification. The MBR containing microorganisms with long SRT was employed mainly for nitrification of NH4+-N and recirculation of NO3--N. The model of A2O-MBR system made from polyacrylic with the capacity of 49.5 liters was operated with hydraulic retention times decreased from 24, 18 to 12 hours corresponding to organic loading rates increased from 0.50, 0.75 to 1.00 kg COD/m3.day. The results showed that the model not only treated organic matter well but also nearly completely removed both nitrogen and phosphorus. For all three loading rates, chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration decreased significantly in the anaerobic and anoxic compartments of the A2O unit, indicating that most of organic matter was utilized in the anaerobic and anoxic compartments for phosphorus release and denitrification, respectively. Nitrification in the MBR was almost perfectly completed, with average NH4+-N removal efficiencies of over 98%. Denitrification in the anoxic compartment happened as much as possible. Demands for the development of PAOs, which were responsible for enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) processes, could be provided. For loading rate of 0.75 kg COD/m3.day, treatment efficiencies of COD, NH4+-N, total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) of the model were the highest as 95.4, 99.2, 86.7 and 84.6%, respectively. Output values of these parameters were within the limits of Vietnam National Technical Regulation on Industrial Wastewater (QCVN 40:2011/BTNMT), column A. The model of A2O-MBR system was capable of achieving effluents with very low nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations from brewery wastewater
Application of GIS and remote sensing to build up a map of environmental geological suitability for residential buildings on Thi Vai river basin
Geological environment zonation is to divide the areas into relatively homogeneous units based on their natural factors such as hydrology, topography, geology, disasters... to create geoenvironmental units which suit a specific type of xploitation for the purpose of research or regional management. This study presents a process of integrating GIS and remotely sensed data to develop a map of environmental geological zonning for the planning of development of the efective and safety construction sites. Data used in this work include Landsat 8 satellite image classified by application of Fuzzy Logic method to build the map of land use status which includes construction sites, and the GIS data including geology, topography, engineering geology and hydrogeology. The result from this process of integration is the suitability maps of appropriate units for the development of construction sites on the Thi Vai river basin. This map shows 3 different levels of geological environmental condition for development of the construction sites. This result demonstrates the efficiency of the integration of GIS and remote sensing to build tools to assist for the environmental capacity management, for data analysis, and beyond, to identify and incorporate the influencing factors to the subjects of management or research
Building a supportive teaching culture to increase teaching effectiveness
This paper investigates the existence of a campus supportive teaching culture in a Vietnamese public university that can facilitate good teaching, basing on three research questions aiming to find out: (1) the availability of supportive teaching activities at campus and (2) the effectiveness of such practices from lecturers’ perspectives and (3) the demand for similar or more activities for teaching excellence. The study was conducted in the form of a survey, with data gathered via an online questionnaire. From data analysis and findings, a number of methods are suggested to enhance or establish a supportive teaching culture in other Vietnamese universities accordingly
Copyright (c) 2020 Science and Technology Development Journal: Economics-Law and Management
Determinants of sustainability reporting: An empirical research on Vietnamese Listed companies
This research aims at providing some empirical evidence on determinants of sustainability reporting in Vietnam. A sample of 99 sustainability reports published by listed companies for the year of 2016 was obtained and further analysed by employing content analysis method to construct sustainability reporting index for each company. The study used a wide range of variables to examine hypotheses developed. Firm size, gross profit margin and, export status are found to significantly positively associate with sustainability reporting quality.
Impact of psychological capital, personality traits on work commitment of Vietnamese bank employees
This paper aims to determine the impact of psychological capital, personality traits on work commitment of Vietnamese bank employees. Descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis and regression were employed on data obtained from a survey on 307 employees working at banks in large cities such as Hanoi, Da Nang, HCMC. Results show that four psychological factors, including hope, confidence, adaptation, optimism are positively correlated with work commitment. In addition, the study also found that the big-five personality traits, namely openness, extraversion, agreeableness and conscientiousness have a positive impact while neuroticism has a negative impact on work commitment. Some solutions are then suggested for bank managers to enhance their employees’ psychological capital, personality traits for higher work commitment
Current status of factors affecting firms’ technological innovation decisision in Vietnam
This paper aims to reflect the current status of firm-level technological innovation in Vietnam, in particular the factors that affect technological innovation decision. The main research method employed is qualitative analysis, specifically descriptive statistics. The results show that about 31% of firms carry out product innovation and 46% of firms conduct process innovation. In addition, only about 25% of firms have trained staff and about 10% of firms have cooperated with agencies in technological innovation. The innovation environment and policies are still limited. Based on that, the authors propose policy suggestions: 1) Focus on increasing funding for firm technological innovation; 2) Strengthen the link between firms and partners; 3) Continue to promote programs and policies to support firm technological innovation