Quy Nhon University Journal of Science is managed by Quy Nhon University
Single-word lexical verbs in English love songs: Semantic characteristics
The paper aims to explore the semantic features of only single-word verbs in English love songs. Basing on the transitivity system developed by M.A.K. Halliday in 1985, the paper analyzed the lyrics of the English love songs in terms of six types of processes. The quantitative data provides insight into the frequencies of not only each type of process but also of the individual verbs expressing the various nuances in each line of meaning. The qualitative analysis enables an in-depth description of the meanings conveyed through language used in the love songs. The findings show that these verbs serve as linguistic tools that the song-composers employ to craft narratives that resonate with the diverse experiences of love, making each love song a unique and relatable piece of storytelling. Each verb contributes to the overall narrative, capturing the diverse range of experiences and emotions that define the journey of love.
Barriers to eco-innovation in the shrimp supply chain: a systematic review using PRISMA 2020 and a proposed multi-level analytical framework
Eco-innovation has emerged as a critical approach for achieving sustainability in aquaculture systems. Nonetheless, the shrimp supply chain, particularly in developing contexts characterized by institutional fragmentation and limited resources, continues to encounter substantial barriers in adopting such innovations. This study conducts a systematic literature review (SLR) of 45 peer-reviewed articles following the PRISMA 2020 protocol and synthesizes insights from institutional theory, the resource-based view (RBV), and innovation systems theory. The analysis identifies six interrelated categories of barriers: (1) institutional and policy constraints, (2) technological and operational limitations, (3) financial barriers, (4) organizational and cognitive challenges, (5) market and value chain inefficiencies, and (6) shrimp-specific contextual factors. Findings reveal that these barriers form a complex and self-reinforcing ecosystem, in which weaknesses at the institutional level often exacerbate financial and technological constraints, ultimately reducing the scalability of eco-innovation initiatives across the supply chain. Based on this analysis, the study proposes a multi-level analytical framework encompassing the micro level (producers and firms), meso level (supply chain structures), and macro level (institutional and policy environment). This framework reflects the systemic nature of innovation constraints, and highlights the interdependencies across levels. It offers both a systematic conceptual basis for future research and a practical foundation for designing coordinated policy interventions to support sustainable transformation in shrimp supply chain.
Board size and performance: the mediating of ESG disclosure
This study examines the mediating effect of ESG disclosure on the relationship between board size and performance of firms listed in the Ho Chi Minh City Stock Exchange (HOSE) in 2022. Return on assets (ROA) is a proxy for performance; as the dependent variable and board size is the independent variable; ESG disclosure is the mediating variable. Using structural equation model (PLS-SEM), we found that board size is significantly positively related to performance. There is significant positive impact between ESG disclosure and performance. Finally, ESG disclosure plays a partial mediating role on the relationship between board size and performance. To sum up, board size characteristics promote ESG disclosure activities to establish and reach higher performance. These results denote the importance and value of ESG disclosure in Vietnam.
Research on the BKE-020 experiment set to determine the electromotive force of a parallel power supply using the curcuit method with two opposite polarity power
This paper presents a study on the improvement and design of physics experimental sets, an issue that is always necessary in improving the quality of teaching and learning in high schools. Specifically, we used the BKE-020 experimental set to determine the electromotive force (EMF) of a power source. Then, we designed and improved the experimental set to measure the EMF of parallel-connected power using the circuit method with two opposite polarity power. The results show that this method combined with a sensitive galvanometer and a standard voltage source, allows for accurate measurement of the EMF of parallel connected power sources with very small errors. The value of the research lies in demonstrating the feasibility of verifying theory by experiment, thereby stimulating interest and developing thinking for both students and physics teachers in high schools.
Oil price risk and economic growth in ASEAN-6 countries
This study aims to assess the impact of oil prices and the Industrial Production Index (IPI) on economic growth in the ASEAN–6 countries (Vietnam, Thailand, Singapore, the Philippines, Malaysia, and Indonesia), using monthly time-series data spanning 22 years (2002–2023). The authors employ the Time–Varying Granger Causality method developed by Shi et al. (2018) to analyze in-depth the effects of oil prices and IPI on Gross Domestic Product (GDP) during key economic periods, including the global financial crisis (2008), the oil price shock (2014–2016), the COVID–19 pandemic (2020–2021), and the Russia – Ukraine war (2022). The results of the analysis indicate a significant impact of oil prices and IPI on economic growth in the ASEAN–6 region at different time intervals. Therefore, the study suggests that the economic growth of the countries under study is highly sensitive to fluctuations in oil prices. Based on the findings, several policy implications are proposed to maintain stability and promote economic growth amid growing economic uncertainties.
The impact of US tariff policy on Vietnamese trade in the context of globalization
This study examines the impact of US tariff policies on Vietnam–US trade amid rising protectionism after COVID-19. Using secondary data from Vietnam Customs, UN Comtrade, the World Bank, and reports from the U.S. Department of Commerce, USTR, and VCCI for 2010–2023, it combines qualitative policy analysis with a Difference-in-Differences model to assess the effects of US tariffs during 2017–2023 across sectors. Results show tariffed industries such as steel and wood faced export declines of 12–15%, while textiles and electronics were mainly affected by non-tariff barriers with compliance costs rising 18–22%. Impacts varied by period: 2017–2019 was dominated by import tariffs, whereas 2020–2023 saw technical barriers and supply chain controls. Vietnam’s responses focused on origin verification, FTA utilization, and market diversification. The study provides quantitative evidence of the heterogeneous effects of US tariffs and offers lessons for Vietnam on trade risk management and institutional reforms in the post-globalization era.
The impact of corporate governance and corporate social responsibility disclosure on intellectual capital efficiency: The case of Vietnamese enterprises
The study analyzed a model examining the impact of corporate governance, corporate social responsibility disclosure on intellectual capital efficiency among Vietnamese enterprises during the 2021–2022 period. Using a sample of 101 observations from companies recognized for leading in sustainable development, the study applied partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to assess both the direct effect of corporate governance on intellectual capital efficiency and the indirect effect through the mediating variable of corporate social responsibility disclosure. The results indicate that the corporate governance influences corporate social responsibility disclosure, which in turn impacts intellectual capital efficiency both directly and indirectly. Specifically, a higher level of corporate social responsibility disclosure positively contributes to aspects of intellectual capital, and governance characteristics are indirectly associated with intellectual capital performance through this disclosure. Conversely, the quality of corporate governance has a direct effect on intellectual capital efficiency, independent of social responsibility disclosure. These findings suggest that enterprises should simultaneously prioritize corporate governance and corporate social responsibility to enhance intellectual capital performance by improving governance quality, developing leadership, adopting human-centered management strategies, and advancing social and environmental initiatives, in order to promote innovation, create a positive working environment, and improve employee welfare.
Local dialects in 20th-century Quang Ngai poetry
Local dialects in 20th-century Quang Ngai poetry serve as a medium for expressing the emotional and ideological values of authors during a turbulent historical period in Vietnam. In various aspects of life, particularly in literature, Quang Ngai’s local dialects stand out as a unique feature, identifying authors and enriching the region’s literary heritage. Beyond reflecting real-life experiences, local dialects embody the authors’ awareness of their homeland, acting as a source of pride for Quang Ngai people regarding their cultural legacy. The core aspects of Quang Ngai people’s daily lives, attitudes, emotions, objects, phenomena, and place names are vividly and distinctively conveyed through local dialects in 20th-century Quang Ngai poetry. From pre-war poetry and resistance poetry to post-war poetry by authors such as Nguyen Vy, Bich Khe, Te Hanh, Nguyen Quang Mao, Nguyen Thuy, Thanh Thao, and Nguyen Mau Chien, these works showcase creativity and sharpness in their thought processes and their perceptions of reality through the use of local dialects.
Applying contextual teaching and learning in teaching the concept of the derivative to develop mathematics education students’ teaching competencies
One of the objectives of teacher education is to help future teachers develop their teaching competencies. This article presents instructional activities for teaching the concept of the derivative for mathematics education students, designed based on the REACT strategies. By experiencing learning of the derivative concept in various contexts, students gain insight into its nature, historical development, and applications, while also understanding how to implement Contextual Teaching and Learning in future teaching practice. The article also proposes a process for applying Contextual Teaching and Learning in teaching mathematics, aiming to guide students through the steps of analyzing the subject matter and designing learning activities, thereby contributing to the formation and development of their teaching competencies.
Designing the teaching process for stem topic “Photosynthesis process in leaf disks” and training teachers in teaching natural science
The general education program for Natural Science is oriented toward methods of developing scientific competence. Teachers need to combine STEM education in teaching to develop students' ability to integrate knowledge and skills in the fields of Natural Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics into solving real-life problems. In this research, we design the teaching process for STEM topic 'Photosynthesis process in leaf disks' based on 5 activities and teacher training in teaching Natural Science in secondary schools. The results show that teachers can improve their understanding of the STEM educaction and are able to design teaching activities on STEM topics in teaching Natural Science.
Developing a process for designing and manufacturing technical device models in STEM education
STEM education is a modern pedagogical approach aimed at developing students' competencies through the.integration of Science,.Technology,.Engineering, and Mathematics. However, a significant challenge in STEM instruction is the lack of effective technical equipment to support teaching, particularly technical equipment models that provide students with a more tangible and hands-on learning experience. This study.proposes a process for designing, manufacturing, and utilizing technical equipment models in STEM instruction, based on design thinking and situated learning methodology. The process consists of six steps: (1) Identifying needs and objectives, (2) Researching and brainstorming, (3) Detailed design and prototyping, (4) Testing, experimentation, and refinement, (5) Manufacturing the final product, and (6) Implementation and effectiveness evaluation. Following this process, the study has designed and developed models of electric motors to enhance students' creative thinking, problem-solving skills, and engagement in STEM lessons on the topic of Electricity and Magnetism.
Synthesis of bioplastic films from Vitex negundo L. leaf extract based on sweet potato starch and investigation of antibacterial activity of the products
Plastic pollution and food safety are global challenges requiring sustainable solutions. This study aimed to develop a multifunctional bioplastic film from sweet potato starch combined with Vitex negundo L. leaf extract with antimicrobial properties. Optimization processes determined that 10% (w/w) glycerol plasticizer combined with 10% extract produced films with appropriate physicochemical properties, including tensile strength of 4.26 MPa and low water absorption. FT-IR and SEM analyses confirmed the successful incorporation of the extract into the molecular structure of the film, with a homogeneous surface free of cracks. Notably, the bioplastic film exhibited antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive (Listeria innocua) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella enterica) - key foodborne pathogens. Importantly, this antimicrobial activity was maintained after three months of storage, demonstrating the long-term stability of the product. The results of this study reveal extensive potential applications for environmentally friendly food packaging materials capable of extending food preservation time while reducing contamination risks. This bioplastic film not only contributes to providing solutions for plastic pollution but also utilizes locally available agricultural resources for material production, supporting sustainable development goals.
Design of high gain, low side-lobe level base station array antenna for 5g-sub 6 ghz communication system
In this paper, a high-gain and low side-lobe level array antenna is proposed for 5G sub-6 GHz base station applications operating in the C-band. The antenna is based on a modified magneto-electric (ME) dipole design, comprising two triangular metallic plates, two rectangular metallic plates, grounded vias, an L-shaped probe, a ground plane, and a microstrip feed line. A single antenna element, with overall dimensions of 96 mm × 96 mm × 2.4 mm (approximately 1.55λ₀ × 1.55λ₀ × 0.04λ₀ at 4.9 GHz), demonstrates a wide impedance bandwidth ranging from 4.50 GHz to 5.06 GHz with a reflection coefficient (|S₁₁|) below –10 dB, and achieves a peak gain of 3.1 dBi. A 1×8 linear array of ME dipole elements is developed using uniform in-phase and equal-amplitude excitation. This configuration yields a high peak gain of 13.8 dBi; however, it also results in relatively high side-lobe levels, reaching –12.9 dB. To address this limitation, a trapezoidal amplitude tapering technique is applied to the excitation of the array. The simulated results indicate a significant improvement, achieving a side-lobe level below –28 dB while maintaining a high gain of 13.6 dBi.
The free energy function of Ising model in a strong magnetic field
In this paper, we study the analytic domain of free energy function for Ising model, specifically for cases where only neighboring spins interact. Our study comes from using cluster expansion, a powerful tool in statistical physics, incorporating new insights from Fernandez and Procacci on its convergence criteria.
Study on optimal acceleration control of three phase induction motors
This paper presents a study on the acceleration and deceleration process of a three phase induction motor during start up and stop phases, aiming to enhance the dynamic performance of the drive system. Based on torque and speed control principles, the author proposes the application of a high order S-curve acceleration profile to overcome the limitations of linear acceleration, such as reduced efficiency, mechanical vibrations, jerks, and shortened system lifespan. Simulation results demonstrate that the S-curve profile not only reduces jerk but also minimizes torque oscillations, significantly improving the smoothness and overall performance of the drive system. Furthermore, the S-curve profile generation algorithm has been implemented in software and deployed on an FPGA hardware platform. Both software and hardware simulation results confirm that the generated speed control signals achieve high resolution and fast response, making the solution well suited for integration into induction motor drive systems.
A characterization of Zugmund-type spaces and its application
In this paper, we investigate the conditions under which a Zygmund-type space Z_ω, where ω is a normal weight on the unit ball B^n of C^n, becomes a small space that is boundery regular and invariant under automorphisms. These results are then applied to analyze the relationship between the boundedness and compactness of weighted composition operators W_{ψ,φ}, defined by f →ψ·(f◦φ), acting from the Bloch-type space B_ω to the Zygmund-type space Z_ω, as well as from Z+ω to itself.
Study on the effect of pure fermentation starters (banh men) on the quality of fermented glutinous rice (com ruou)
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of using pure microbial strains in fermentation starter (banh men) on the sensory, physicochemical, and microbiological quality of traditional fermented glutinous rice (com ruou) produced in Go Quao District, Kien Giang Province. Traditional banh men harbors essential microorganisms, including yeasts, molds, and lactic acid bacteria, which are responsible for the conversion of starch into alcohol and the development of characteristic flavors during fermentation. The study was conducted using pure fermentation starter (banh men) at concentrations of 0.4%, 0.6%, and 0.8%, with 0.4% yielding the most favorable sensory attributes while maintaining desirable physicochemical parameters such as moisture content, pH, lactic acid levels, and a high alcohol concentration (10,2% v/v). Fermentation time was also evaluated over a period of 2 to 4 days, with results indicating that optimal fermentation occurred after 3 days, when key indicators such as pH, alcohol, and lactic acid stabilized. Importantly, no harmful by-products such as methanol or furfural were detected.This study contributes to establishing a scientific basis for the application of pure fermentation starter in order to improve the stability and quality of traditional fermented glutinous rice (com ruou), while also supporting the preservation and development of the local starter culture production craft.
Các mô hình mạng nơ ron hồi quy dùng cho dự báo điện gió
Các giá trị lịch sử của công suất phát điện gió thường được sử dụng trong hầu hết các mô hình và phương pháp dự báo điện gió trong các tài liệu. Tuy nhiên, các thông số vận hành có thể ảnh hưởng đến kết quả dự báo chẳng hạn như tốc độ gió, góc pitch, nhiệt độ môi trường, vị trí nacelle, và hướng gió chưa được xem xét trong các phương pháp hiện tại. Do đó, mục tiêu cơ bản của bài báo này là đề xuất các mô hình mạng nơ ron hồi quy dùng cho dự báo công suất phát điện gió có xem xét các tham số vận hành này. Nghiên cứu này xem xét dữ liệu công suất phát điện gió và các tham số vận hành tương ứng từ máy phát tuabin gió số 5 của 1 trang trại gió. Dữ liệu từ ngày 01 tháng 07 năm 2024 đến 31 tháng 07 năm 2024 được thu thập từ hệ thống SCADA. Đầu tiên, mô hình mạng nơ ron tự hồi quy phi tuyến có các đầu vào được áp dụng để dự báo công suất phát điện gió. Thứ hai, mô hình mạng hồi quy lớp được sử dụng để dự báo công suất phát điện gió. Thứ ba, mô hình mạng nơ ron trễ phân tán được dùng để dự báo công suất phát điện gió. Thứ tư, mô hình mạng nơ ron trễ thời gian được huấn luyện để ước lượng điện gió. Cuối cùng, các mô hình mạng nơ ron hồi quy này được so sánh để xác định mô hình dự báo công suất phát điện gió tốt hơn khi xét theo các tiêu chí sai số tuyệt đối trung bình, sai số phần trăm tuyệt đối trung bình và sai số bình phương trung bình.
Fabrication of ovalbumin-loaded alginate-chitosan nanoparticle using coaxial electrospray for protein delivery orientation
Protein therapeutics have emerged as effective and unique therapies because of their vast benefits in the pharmaceutical field. This study developed ovalbumin (OVA) loaded alginate-chitosan (ALG-CHI) nanoparticles using coaxial electrospray without a cross-linking agent to orally deliver OVA protein for protein therapeutics orientation. The optimal parameters include a voltage of 21 kV, a flow-rate of 0.1/0.2 mL.h-1 (core/shell), a working distance of 10 cm, polymer concentrations of 4 wt% CHI and 0.5 wt% ALG. The obtained ALG-OVA@CHI nanoparticles had a spherical shape, smooth surface, no aggregation, and core-shell structure observed by SEM and TEM images. The nanoparticles had a hydrodynamic diameter of 313.0 ± 129.9 nm and a zeta potential of +1.6 mV at neutral pH, as measured by DLS equipment. Remarkably, the ALG-OVA@CHI nanoparticles highly encapsulated OVA with 99.04 ± 0.14% efficiency, protected it from gastric acid in the stomach, and facilitated sustained release OVA in the simulated colonic condition for at least 8 days. The release of these nanoparticles were primarily controlled by the diffusion of OVA and polymer disintegration in the release media, followed the Korsmeyer-Peppas non-Fickian transport mechanism. These findings suggested that the ALG-OVA@CHI design had potentials as an oral formulation for protein delivery.
ZIF-67-derived Co3O4 porous crystalline material for electrochemical ascorbic acid detection
The Co3O4 porous crystalline material was synthesized by calcining ZIF-67 sample in the air. The Co3O4 material was characterized by XRD, BET, SEM, and EDS. The electrode modified with Co3O4 was used to determine ascorbic acid. The proposed Co3O4-GPE electrode exhibited a linear range of 2 µM to 15 µM with a detection limit of 0.48 µM. Recovery results, ranging from 97.82% to 99.5%. for ascorbic acid in pharmaceutical tablet.
GAAFETs and 2D materials for sub-3 nm nodes: performance, fabrication challenges, and integration strategies
This paper investigates the transition from FinFETs to Gate-All-Around Field-Effect Transistors (GAAFETs) as a strategic advancement for CMOS technology nodes beyond 3 nm, with a focus on performance enhancements, fabrication challenges, and integration strategies. We conduct a comparative analysis of state-of-the-art transistor architectures—namely TSMC’s 3 nm FinFET, Samsung’s 3 nm nanosheet GAAFET (MBCFET™), and Intel’s upcoming 20A RibbonFET—to highlight the superior electrostatic control and drive current offered by GAAFETs. The role of emerging materials such as SiGe, III–V compounds, and two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors (e.g., monolayer MoS₂ and WSe₂) is examined in the context of extending transistor scaling into the sub-1 nm regime, particularly with respect to their potential to mitigate short-channel effects. We further address key fabrication challenges associated with sub-3 nm technologies, including the limitations of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography, the need for atomic-scale process control, and escalating production costs. In addition, we explore heterogeneous integration techniques, such as chiplet-based design and 3D stacking, as complementary approaches to sustain performance scaling. Finally, we discuss prospective post-GAAFET device architectures—including Complementary FETs (CFETs) and Vertical Transport FETs (VTFETs)—emphasizing the necessity of cross-disciplinary innovation to uphold the trajectory of Moore’s Law. The findings present a comprehensive perspective on semiconductor scaling in the "<3 nm" era, balancing trade-offs between performance, energy efficiency, and manufacturability.
Fabrications of chitosan-derivative-based superabsorbent materials for agriculture application
The study successfully utilized shrimp shells to extract chitosan using a two-step deacetylation process with a high degree of deacetylation (91.48%). Furthermore, chitosan is attached with hydrophilic functional groups to form O-carboxymethyl chitosan (O-CMCS), to increase the solubility of the material in neutral and alkaline environments. The chitosan derivative was grafted with acrylic acid (AA) to produce a superabsorbent polymer (SAP) material from O-CMCS (O-CMCS-SAP). The ideal conditions for the material's synthesis were a 2% glutaraldehyde concentration, a 1:8 O-CMCS: AA ratio, and a 2% potassium persulfate concentration that created SAP material had a maximum adsorption capacity of 658.16 g/g after a 15-day immersion in water. The ability to biodegrade after four weeks of testing and retain water to provide plants during growth were the strengths of the O-CMCS-SAP material. Furthermore, the study effectively examined the same two chili plants developed and changed in the presence and absence of O-CMCS-SAP. Compared to plants lacking O-CMCS-SAP, the chili plants with O-CMCS-SAP grew and developed significantly more. Following eight weeks of testing, the water-deficient plants had wilting leaves and remarkably slow development. The O-CMCS-SAP material was effectively synthesized and may be used to enhance arid soil, according to all experimental results.
The “consultation” and “petition” activities on education of the House of People's Representatives of Tonkin during the 1926 – 1939 period
Based on its functions and responsibilities, the House of People's Representatives of Tonkin regularly and continuously conducted “consultation” and “petition” activities in the field of education from 1926 to 1939. These activities were closely associated with their annual sessions and the demands of social life in the Tonkin region. Based on various sources, especially archival documents, this article clarifies the “consultation” and “petition” activities on education conducted by the House of People's Representatives of Tonkin. On this basis, it identifies their objectives, provides an objective assessment of their outcomes, and evaluates their impact on social life-primarily on the public’s demand for access to education in the Tonkin region between 1926 and 1939.
Technical and physical assessment of male students specialized in football, Course 43 at Department of Physical Education, Quy Nhon University
Football is a sport taught in the curriculum of the Physical Education major at Quy Nhơn University. Students specialized in football join four specialized courses in football, aiming to accurately assess their technical and physical fitness abilities, which helps reviewing and adjusting the detailed syllabus to develop an appropriate training program. The research employed document synthesis and interview methods, selecting 10 tests to evaluate technical skills and physical fitness for the research subjects - male students in the 43rd cohort majoring in football at the Department of Physical Education. Using statistical methods, the study compared the students' proficiency before and after completing the specialized football courses to examine their development. It also compared their skills with those of the 41st cohort of football majors to draw conclusions about the detailed syllabus content. Additionally, the data were compared with the technical and physical fitness assessment standards of the Institute of Sports Science and Physical Education for young football players, providing an overall view of the professional capacity of football students in the Department of Physical Education relative to the required standards for young Vietnamese football athletes.
Research on the impact of applying management accounting practices on the operational effectiveness of enterprises in Binh Dinh province
This study evaluates the factors influencing the application of management accounting practices (MAP) and the impact of these practices on the operational effectiveness of enterprises in Binh Dinh province. Data were collected from 150 enterprises in Binh Dinh through a survey questionnaire, which was analyzed using structural equation modeling to test and measure the extent of influence of the factors on the application of MAP, as well as the impact of MAPs application on the operational effectiveness of enterprises in Binh Dinh with the support of AMOS software.The research results indicate that manager’sperception, competition, information technology, business structure, corporate culture and resource implementation all influence the application of MAPs. Additionally, the application of MAPs has a positive impact on the operational effectiveness of enterprises in Binh Dinhprovince. These empirical research findings help managers to guide and enhance the application of MAPs in enterprise management to improve operational effectiveness and ensure sustainable development of the enterprises.
Application of input-output tables in analyzing the relationships among economic sectors in Vietnam
This study examines the intersectoral relationships among 20 first-level economic sectors in Vietnam, utilizing data from the 2012 Input-Output Table published by the General Statistics Office of Vietnam in 2015. Through the calculation of cost share ratios, backward and forward linkages, dispersion coefficients, and sensitivity indices, the research elucidates the extent of sectoral interdependencies and their economic impact. The quantitative findings from the research process not only provide a comprehensive view of the economic structure but also serve as a reference basis for promoting the evaluation of Vietnam's important economic sectors in the period after 2015.
From scholar education to liberal education
Liberal education is a term that is being used so widely that it has become globalized. Few people are aware that liberal ideas came into being and existed for nearly half a millennium in the constant struggle with scholastic education. The need to liberate from dogmatic patterns, expand knowledge and stimulate individual discovery and creativity became the driving force of a new education. Since the Renaissance and Enlightenment, scholar education, despite limit within the doors of the church, has spread outside and persisted in the habits of many educators. It is a fact that in educational systems that have not completely abandoned the totalitarian nature of scholastic education, the construction of programs and the application of new, modern teaching methods are just mechanical formalities. Vietnamese education is approaching European and American liberal education, so it is essential to grasp information from the roots of Western ideological revolutions to free itself from traditional habits and dogmatic patterns.
Application of project-based learning in science class grade 4
Science not only helps students develop specific competencies but also contributes to the enhancement of general qualities and abilities at primary schools. Therefore, implementing project-based learning (PBL) in proper ways is one of the appropriate teaching methods. The primary Science curriculum in general, and Grade 4 Science in particular, mainly consists of knowledge from natural sciences such as physics, chemistry, and biology. This makes it useful for fostering students' competencies by incorporating learning projects into several lessons. At the same time, the involvement of several people is necessary for successful completion of the project. Each participant needs to exhibit perseverance, honesty, responsibility, and efficient coordination from the initial planning process to the final result. Consequently, PBL strengthens students’ essential competencies with self-regulation and independent learning, communication, teamwork, problem-solving, and innovation, all of which are in line with the objectives of the new general education curriculum.
Solutions for patriotic education for students at the Center for Defense and Security Education of Quy Nhon University
Patriotic education for students via defense and security education is the activity of relevant subjects to systematically affect students’ formation and development of patriotism according to the defined objectives. The effectiveness of patriotic education for students via defense and security education subject is the actual results achieved compared to the requirements set out through the implementation of specific educational activities at the units. Measuring the effectiveness of patriotic education for students at the Center for National Defense and Security Education of Quy Nhon University based on qualitative and quantitative criteria, on a survey of 605 students at the center and 19 officials and lecturers directly working in the management and teaching of national defense and security education subjects of the center and some other units, the article assesses the current state of students’ patriotic education at the National Defense and Security Education Center of Quy Nhon University. It then proposes three groups of solutions to contribute to improving the effectiveness of patriotic education for students at the National Defense Education Center of Quy Nhon University in particular and for students of other units across the country in general.
Self-study in English writing skills by Quy Nhon University's English-majors
This study aimed to evaluate the perceptions and practices of third-year students majoring in English Language and English Teaching at Quy Nhon University regarding the significance, purpose, and effectiveness of self-study writing activities. A mixed-methods approach was employed, with data gathered through Google Forms surveys and quantitatively analyzed using Excel, alongside qualitative data collected from open-ended questions and analyzed via content analysis. The results revealed that the majority of students recognize the importance of self-study in improving their writing skills, particularly in boosting motivation, confidence, and self-regulation. However, discrepancies were found in students' self-study practices, as some students maintained consistent study routines, while others struggled to establish an effective study schedule. Students primarily engage in study sessions in the evening at home, yet they have not fully embraced diverse learning methods. Based on these findings, the study recommends increasing the frequency of writing practice, developing structured study plans, incorporating writing support technologies, and promoting group writing activities to enhance the effectiveness of self-study.