Risk assessment of air pollution by PM 2.5 to residential community in Hanoi city

DOI: 10.18173/2354-1067.2023-0020

Abstract

In recent years, the situation of air pollution in Hanoi city is becoming more and more complicated and it becomes an issue of interest to the residential community. Among air pollutants, PM 2.5 is the highest pollutant and causes the greatest health threat due to its small dimension, which is easy to move deep into several parts of body. Therefore, monitoring air quality based on PM 2.5 concentration and assessing its level of risk will bring the considerable attention of all autority levels. GIS allows the superposition of data layers relating to the hazard level of air pollution index (AQI) due to PM2.5 and the vulnerability level for establishing the risk map of air pollution. The obtained results show that: The highest risk of air pollution due to PM2.5 is concentrated in a few central urban districts such as: Tay Ho, Hoang Mai, Cau Giay, Dong Da, Ha Dong, Bac Tu Liem - where many old people and childrens have concentrated. In contrast, some suburban districts such as: Gia Lam, Dong Anh, Ung Hoa, My Duc, Phu Xuyen, Thanh Oai, Thuong Tin, Ba Vi, Chuong My, Phuc Tho have the low and medium levels of risk due to PM 2.5. The risk map helps us to track more accurately with the full picture of the air pollution problem in Hanoi city because it can provide information of areas with a high air pollution level, while at the same time incorporating a high vulnerability level due to the presence of old people and children. This brings a deeper warning message to the community to deal with the current situation of air pollution.