Hormone use and gender afirmation surgeries among transgender population in Vietnam

Abstract

Objective: To describe the current situation of hormone use and surgical interventions of transgender population in some provinces and cities in Vietnam. Research methodology: Cross-sectional descriptive study, combining quantitative and qualitative. Quantitative data was collected by direct interviews using questionnaires with 141 transgender people and qualitative data was collected through 12 in-depth interviews. The study was carried out in Ha Noi, Ho Chi Minh City, Nghe An and Da Nang, from June to October 2019. Results: All 141 study participants have used hormones (100%) and 32 had gender affirmation surgeries (23.4%). More than 73% bought hormones from existing users and use hormones with “mouth to mouth” advice. Among the transgender people who had surgeries, 25% did not have pre-surgery medical checks ups and consultations and 25% had improper check-ups, 50% did not have good care after surgeries and 25% had improper care. Three themes have been identified: 1) Buying "floating" hormones of unknown origin and using them in "mouth to mouth" ways; 2) The painful and risky journey of surgery and 3) A difficult life and uncertain future. Conclusion: Most study participants bought hormones and used them without professional guidance. Insufficient pre-and post-surgery examination, counselling and care. Many bad consequences may arise. Law on Gender Affirmation will help transgender people access safe and quality health services.