Prevalence, colonoscopic features, and risk factors of colonic diverticulosis in Vietnamese adults undergoing colonoscopy: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

Introduction:

Colonic diverticulosis is common in gastrointestinal disease with a rising prevalence in Asia. Regional differences exist in prevalence, distribution, and risk factors of diverticulosis; however, data from Vietnam are still lacking. The purpose of our study was to ascertain the prevalence, colonoscopic features, and risk factors of colonic diverticulosis among Vietnamese adults undergoing colonoscopy.

Methods:

A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed prospectively on patients undergoing colonoscopy at the Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Department of the University Medical Center-Ho Chi Minh City. Metabolic syndrome was established on the Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify risk factors.

Results:

There were 480 participants, with a mean age of 53.2±12.7 years. The male-to-female ratio was 0.8. The prevalence of diverticulosis was 29.6%. Right-sided diverticulosis was observed in 69% of cases. Multiple diverticula were present in 68.4% of cases. Multivariate analysis identified advanced age (odds ratio [OR]=2.38, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.41–4.05, p=0.001), male sex (OR=1.78, 95% CI: 1.05–3.02, p=0.033), central obesity (OR=1.61, 95% CI: 1.03–2.50, p=0.037), metabolic syndrome (OR=1.91, 95% CI: 1.12–3.27, p=0.021), and heavy alcohol consumption (OR=2.23, 95% CI: 1.03–4.84, p=0.042) as independent risk factors of diverticulosis.

Conclusions:

Diverticulosis was prevalent in Vietnamese, with a right-sided predominance of the colon and multiple diverticula. Advanced age, male sex, central obesity, metabolic syndrome, and heavy alcohol consumption were risk factors.

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