Vietnam’s human resources through 40 years of Doi Moi

Tóm tắt

This article employs a qualitative analytical approach, utilizing secondary documentation and data, to examine the human resource development policies of the Communist Party of Vietnam and Government of Vietnam throughout the Doi Moi (Renovation) periods. The study subsequently assesses the outcomes across the dimensions of scale, structure, and quality. The analysis reveals a distinct “upgrade” in the human resource development directives and policies: the perspective on human resource has evolved from a general approach to a strategic and more open one; the objectives have become increasingly specific and ambitious; and the solutions are more diverse and contemporary, aligning with the context of globalization and the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Over the past 40 years, the scale, structure, and quality of Vietnam’s human resources have undergone positive transformations, enabling the nation to capitalize on its demographic dividend for industrialization and modernization. Nonetheless, the deficit of high-quality human resources currently constitutes a critical “bottleneck” hindering sustainable economic growth.