DETERMINING THE INCIDENCE OF HYPOTENSION IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS UNDER GENERAL ANAESTHESIA

Abstract

Background: Long-standing type 2 diabetes mellitus can lead to autonomic neuropathy, increasing the risk of intraoperative hypotension during general anesthesia.

Objectives: To determine the incidence and associated factors of hypotension during general anesthesia in patients with type 2 diabetes duration ≥5 years.

Methods: This was a descriptive observational study conducted at Gia Dinh People’s Hospital from November 2023 to May 2024. Eligible participants included patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus ≥5 years undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia. Hypotension was defined as a ≥30% decrease in mean arterial pressure from baseline.

Results: A total of 72 patients were included (mean age 65.3 ± 9,0 years; 69.4% female). The prevalence of orthostatic hypotension was 29.2%. Intraoperative hypotension occurred in 34.7% of patients within 60 minutes after incision. The average mean arterial pressure reduction post-induction was 15.6%; during maintenance, it ranged from 5.3% to 9.3%. Factors significantly associated with hypotension included diabetes duration ≥10 years (p = 0.013), presence of orthostatic hypotension (p = 0.017), and male sex (p = 0.009).

Conclusions: The incidence of hypotension during general anesthesia within 60 minutes post-incision was 34.7%. Longer disease duration, orthostatic hypotension, and male sex were associated with increased risk.

Keywords: intraoperative hypotension; general anesthesia; type 2 diabetes mellitus