Effect of extraction temperature on antioxidant activities, ginsenoside profiles and therapeutic properties of Ngoc Linh ginseng extracts

Abstract

     Ngoc Linh ginseng (Panax vietnamensis Ha et Grushv) is one of the medicinal herbs with outstanding economic and medicinal values ​​in Viet Nam, including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-depression, anti-stress and hepatoprotective effects. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of temperature (40, 60 and 80) °C during the extraction of Ngoc Linh ginseng on total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, ginsenoside profiles and anti-inflammatory activity. The results showed that while 40 °C was the optimal temperature to obtain the extract with the highest phenolic content and antioxidant activity, 60 °C was noted to be effective for extracting saponin components in Ngoc Linh ginseng. In addition, results from the HPLC-MS analysis also showed that Rg1 and Mr2 were the two major ginsenosides in Ngoc Linh ginseng extract, in addition to other ginsenosides, including Re, Rb1 and Rd. The extract exhibited no cytotoxicity at doses lower than 1,000 mg/mL and the extract obtained at high extraction temperatures (60 °C and 80 °C) showed higher inhibitory activity against inflammatory cytokines NO and IL-6.