Scientific journal of Ha Long University
Tạp chí khoa học của Trường Đại học Hạ Long
Assessment of the current status of pesticide use in agricultural production in Tien An area, Quang Yen Ward, Quang Ninh Province
This study evaluates the current status of pesticide use in agricultural production in Tien An Area, Quang Yen Ward, Quang Ninh Province, based on a survey of 221 farming households. The findings reveal that the majority of farmers apply pesticides without following proper technical guidelines, demonstrate low compliance with pre-harvest intervals, show limited use of personal protective equipment, and improperly dispose of pesticide packaging, causing adverse effects on both environmental quality and human health. Access to information, training, and technical support from authorities remains insufficient, while pesticide retailers, who often lack professional expertise, serve as the primary advisory source. Nonetheless, farmers have begun to recognize the risks and economic costs associated with pesticide use, providing a basis for behavioral improvement. The study proposes enhancing communication, technical training, distribution system control, and the promotion of biological pesticides to advance safe and sustainable agricultural production.
Real-time flying object detection with YOLO v8,9,10
This paper presents a general model for real-time flying object detection that can be used for transfer learning and further research, as well as a refined model that achieves state-of-the-art results in detecting flying objects. The study trains a dataset containing 40 different types of flying objects with fine-tuned data to address several practical challenges, such as objects appearing at long distances due to camera placement, flying objects frequently observed against sky backgrounds, and visually similar objects (e.g., AG600 and US-2 seaplanes), which make accurate identification difficult. The paper focuses on the application of the YOLO model using its latest versions, including versions 8, 9, and 10. Experimental results demonstrate that the YOLOv8-N model outperforms YOLOv9-T and YOLOv10-N, achieving an mAP50 of 91.1% and an mAP50–95 of 87.3%. In addition, the study shows that the YOLOv10-N model can be effectively customized for object counting tasks under predefined constraints, enabling reliable control of the number of detected objects within a frame. These results indicate the potential applicability of the proposed approach to airport monitoring and aviation security and safety.
Comparing nominal address forms in Chinese and Vietnamese from a sociolinguistic perspective
Language is an essential medium for the transmission of human culture. Differences in social and cultural contexts across nations are reflected in their linguistic systems. Forms of address represent interpersonal relationships and embody socio-cultural values. Chinese features an exceptionally rich system of address forms. Its highly complex structure mirrors the intricate relationship networks and hierarchical order characteristic of traditional Chinese society. As Chinese and Vietnamese belong to two distinct linguistic systems, their nominal address forms also exhibit differences that reflect unique cultural traits and language-use conventions of China and Vietnam. From a sociolinguistic perspective, this paper employs statistical, classificatory, descriptive, and comparative methods to examine similarities and differences in nominal address forms in Chinese and Vietnamese.
Heritage literature as a material for creating sustainable tourism experiences: A case study of the literary landscape of Yen Tu – Vinh Nghiem – Con Son, Kiep Bac
The article investigates the role of heritage literature as a primary material in the construction of sustainable tourism experiences at three cultural and historical heritage sites that are particularly significant and closely associated with Vietnam's heritage literature: Yen Tu, Vinh Nghiem, and Con Son – Kiep Bac. Based on a theoretical overview of sustainable tourism, tourist experiences, and heritage literature, the study employs content analysis methods on representative literary works. The results indicate that Zen poetry (Yen Tu), stone stele inscriptions (Vinh Nghiem), and poetry and literature related to Con Son – Kiep Bac not only enrich multi-sensory experiences, enhance cultural awareness and conservation consciousness, but also promote responsible tourism behavior. In addition to contributing theoretically by proposing an analytical framework for heritage literature within the context of sustainable tourism, the article also offers several practical recommendations aimed at optimizing communication tools and refining the evaluation framework for the effectiveness of tourism experiences at heritage sites, contributing to the preservation and promotion of cultural heritage values.
Feminist consciousness in the short story “The useless boob” by Nguyen Thi Tu through some modern theories
The short story “The Useless Boob” by Nguyen Thi Tu can be examined through narrative techniques informed by modern literary theories. This approach provides a basis for applying discourse theory to the study of overseas literature. Accordingly, this article analyzes the work from the perspective of discourse theory combined with integrated approaches in order to explore feminist consciousness. Descriptive, comparative, and data analysis methods play a central role in this study. The research findings are significant in both theoretical and practical terms. Theoretically, the article contributes to the study of overseas literary works on the foundation of discourse theory and demonstrates the application of discourse theory through integrated approaches. In addition, the study helps to identify and interpret feminist consciousness in overseas literary creations. Practically, the research results can serve as reference materials for research and teaching in Literature and Linguistics courses.
The values of traditional festivals in Quang Ninh: The approach from the perspective of community cohesion and historical education
Quang Ninh is a multilayered cultural landscape in Northeastern Vietnam which has nearly one hundred distinctive traditional festivals. In the context of contemporary social change, these festivals face increasing pressures to reconcile heritage preservation with socio-economic development. This article focuses on an in-depth analysis of two core value systems of traditional festivals in Quang Ninh: the value of community cohesion and the value of historical education, which are regarded as the “cultural DNA” underpinning the enduring vitality of this heritage. Using qualitative methods, including document analysis, data synthesis, and case studies of festivals recognized as National Intangible Cultural Heritage, the research demonstrates that these values are not static. Instead, they are continually reconstituted through ritual practices, serving as effective social mechanisms for reinforcing cultural identity, strengthening communal solidarity, and transmitting historical memory across generations. The article proposes strategic recommendations to ensure the sustainable safeguarding and development of festival values in the contemporary context.
Some nutritional education measures for children aged 5–6 through exploration of the theme “The Plant World” at the Pedagogical Practice Kindergarten, Ha Long University
Nutrition education for preschool children is of paramount importance, as it is regarded as one of the key determinants of their holistic development in early childhood, encompassing both physical and cognitive aspects. Implementing nutrition education measures through exploratory activities under the theme “The Plant World” represents an effective approach that is well aligned with the psychological and physiological characteristics of children aged 5–6. This approach contributes to the realization of child-centered educational objectives and enhances the quality of care and education at the Pedagogical Practice Kindergarten, Ha Long University.
Promoting the role of military women in accordance with Ho Chi Minh’s ideology in the current period
President Ho Chi Minh consistently emphasized the important role of women and persistently advocated for gender equality and women's liberation. His ideology on promoting the role of women remains profoundly relevant today. Thoroughly grasping this ideology, military women have made significant contributions during the national resistance wars and the subsequent period of national renewal. In the current period, the role of military women needs to be further promoted in the cause of national construction and defense. Women's affairs in the military should continue to enhance their role and operational effectiveness, proactively advising party committees and commanders on the formulation of policies and leadership strategies concerning women’s work in military units. This will create favorable conditions for women to contribute to building a “streamlined, elite, and strong” military, while also playing a vital part in firmly safeguarding the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.
Support policies for micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises: A literature review
As a sector severely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, supporting micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) in their survival and recovery is essential. This article aims to synthesize support policies researched and proposed by the global scientific community during the pre-pandemic, pandemic, and post-pandemic periods. Based on analysis, comparison, and contrast, the article also summarizes the key characteristics of these support policies to provide a theoretical foundation for governments, policymakers, MSMEs, and stakeholders in designing, evaluating, and implementing the most effective support policies. An analysis of 47 articles selected from the first 200 search results on Google Scholar (from 2017 to 2023) reveals that research on MSME support policies surged after the outbreak of COVID-19, accounting for nearly 75% of the studies. However, micro-enterprises have received limited attention from researchers, with only 15% of studies addressing this group. Furthermore, there is a significant disparity in both the quantity and quality of support policies proposed and implemented before and after the pandemic. Notably, a paradox emerges: the most widely applied policies, which are effective only in the short term, are not the ones most frequently recommended by researchers. Finally, this article highlights the ten least popular proposed support policies that warrant further research to assess their feasibility and effectiveness in practice.
Assessing the capacity of Hai Ba Trung walking street in Hue City to attract domestic tourists
This study was conducted to assess the capacity of Hai Bà Trưng Walking Street in Huế City to attract domestic tourists. By integrating a theoretical framework with empirical data, the research provides a comprehensive perspective on the factors influencing the destination’s ability to draw visitors. Key groups of determinants including infrastructure, entertainment activities, cuisine, local residents, safety and security, operating hours, and environmental conditions are examined to identify the critical components shaping tourists’ overall experience. Based on these findings, the study proposes practical solutions to enhance the street’s attractiveness, and offers recommendations for policymakers and tourism stakeholders aimed at promoting sustainable tourism development in Hue City.
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Implementation methodology of developing smart tourism destinations in Vietnam
In the context of growing interest in smart tourism in Vietnam, this study focuses on developing a set of indicators to evaluate the performance of smart tourism destinations and proposes a nationwide implementation approach. By reviewing a wide range of domestic and international documents and conducting field surveys in selected localities, the research asserts that the development of smart tourism is an inevitable trend. Survey results show that tourism destinations can use the indicator set as a reference to effectively plan the application of technology, thereby enhancing their competitive capacity in a rapidly evolving technological and societal landscape. To effectively apply the indicators in practice, the study proposes an implementation roadmap and synchronized solutions to help destinations gradually become smarter. The application of these indicators not only supports the improvement of service quality and management capacity but also plays a vital role in ensuring sustainable tourism development.
Factors influencing the ecotourism intention of tourists at U Minh Thuong National Park, Kien Giang Province
The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors influencing the ecotourism intention of domestic tourists at U Minh Thuong National Park, Kien Giang Province. Data were collected from 157 domestic tourists using convenience and snowball sampling methods. The quantitative methods were used to analyze data, including descriptive statistics, scale reliability analysis, exploratory factor analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis. The findings reveal four key factors that influence domestic tourists’ ecotourism intention at U Minh Thuong National Park: ecotourism destination image, tourists’ attitude toward ecotourism destination, ecotourism interest, and ecotourism motivation. The research results contribute to providing important information for local tourism authorities and stakeholders to understand the needs and intentions of tourists when visiting U Minh Thuong National Park, Kien Giang Province.
The effects of light intensity on survival rate, fatness and maturity rate in conditioning broodstock of scally giant clam (Tridacna squamosa Lamarck, 1819)
The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of light intensity on survival rate, fatness and reproductive maturity of scally giant clams (Tridacna squamosa Lamarck, 1819). Parent clams were raised for 50 days in 8 m3 cement tanks, with a stocking density of 2 clams/m2 of bottom area. The experimental design included three treatment groups, each subjected to different light intensities: 2.000 lux, 4.000 lux, and 6.000 lux. Each treatment was replicated 6 times. The results indicated that, after 50 days of cultivation, the parent clams exposed to a light intensity of 2,000 lux achieved the highest survival rate, fatness, and reproductive maturity, with values of 63,50 ± 0,58%, 19,25 ± 0,50%, and 52,75 ± 0,50%, respectively. The group exposed to the light intensity of 6.000 lux yielded the lowest results across all parameters, with a survival rate of 59,25 ± 1,27%, fatness of 15,25 ± 0,50% and reproductive maturity of 44,25 ± 0,50%.
In vitro propagation and factors affecting the growth of Amomum longiligulare T.L. Wu in Quang Ninh Province
Amomum longiligulare T.L. Wu is a high-value medicinal plant with significant economic importance, particularly well-suited for under-canopy cultivation. In vitro propagation experiments were conducted on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of BAP and NAA. The results indicated that MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mg/l BAP and 0.5 mg/l NAA produced the highest shoot multiplication rate and optimal root induction. At the nursery stage, a substrate mixture of alluvial soil, rice husk biochar, and organic humus (in a 1:2:1 ratio) achieved the highest survival rate (94.32%). Under field conditions, experiments on canopy cover and fertilization regimes showed that the plants performed best under 30–60% canopy cover with a fertilization regime consisting of a basal application of 4 tons/ha of organic microbial fertilizer, followed by 2 tons/ha of organic microbial fertilizer and 1 ton/ha of NPK in the second and third years. This study established an appropriate in vitro propagation and cultivation protocol for A. longiligulare in Quang Ninh Province, contributing to germplasm conservation, sustainable under-canopy economic development, and a stable supply of high-quality medicinal raw materials for the market.
Application of cellular neural networks with the recurrent Perceptron learning algorithm for speech emotion recognition
The paper proposes a novel approach to speech emotion recognition using Cellular Neural Networks (CeNNs) with the Recurrent Perceptron Learning Algorithm (RPLA). The model classifies emotions into two categories: positive and negative, based on audio signals. Experiments conducted on a combined dataset of four original databases (EmoDB, SAVEE, TESS, CREMA-D) with 10,257 samples show that a five-layer CeNNs model achieves an accuracy of 82% ± 0.02 (p = 0.0001 compared to Transformer), outperforming Gaussian Mixture Models (GMM, 68%), Support Vector Machines (SVM, 72%), Long Short-Term Memory networks (LSTM, 75%), and Transformers (80%). An average processing latency of 50 ms supports real-time applications. This research enhances human-machine interaction in virtual assistants, customer service, and mental health support.
Characteristics of the numeral “一” in Chinese idioms and its equivalent expression in Vietnamese
Idioms containing numerals have long attracted scholarly attention. Previous studies have approached this topic from various perspectives, including the distribution patterns of numerals in idioms, their syntactic structures, semantic features, and the cultural connotations they convey. This paper primarily examines the grammatical characteristics and both arithmetic and non-arithmetic meanings of the numeral “一” (yī – one) in Chinese idioms. A distinctive contribution of the study lies in its discussion of an aspect that has received limited attention in prior research which is the equivalent expressions of the Chinese numeral “一” in Vietnamese idioms, represented by the words một and nhất. The findings of this study not only provide reference material for learners and users of Chinese, but also offer implications and directions for future comparative linguistic research.
With the development of subaltern criticism, Indian historical and literary researchers focused on Dalit literature – literature written by Dalits or about Dalits – a part of the population belonging to the lowest caste in the Indian caste system. Thus, the presence of Dalit literature in Indian history and society is due to the influence of subaltern criticism with its emphasis on the presence and voice of inferior groups in a certain society.
Application of digital technologies in promoting the value of the Bai Tho Mountain historical and scenic site for tourism development in Quang Ninh Province
In the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and the ongoing global shift toward comprehensive digital transformation, the application of digital technologies in the preservation and promotion of cultural and tourism heritage has become an inevitable trend. This paper examines the current status and potential of digitalization in enhancing the visibility, conservation, and sustainable utilization of the tourism values of Bai Tho Mountain – a distinctive cultural and historical landmark in Quang Ninh Province that remains underutilized. By clarifying the theoretical framework, assessing the current conditions of the site, and identifying the need for digital transformation, based on a digital application model and digitalization strategy, the paper proposes specific solutions to enhance the effectiveness of heritage site management and tourism development in association with digital transformation, thereby promoting the sustainable and modern utilization of the tourism value of Bai Tho Mountain.
The impact of academic pressure on the mental health of university students: A Scopus-based review (2019 – 2025)
This overview study analyzes publication trends and the content of research on the impact of academic pressure on the mental health of university students during the period from 2019 to 2025. The review findings indicate that academic pressure is a major factor influencing students’ mental health, as reflected in issues such as anxiety, depression, academic burnout, and behavioral disorders. Several prominent studies have identified the mediating role of cognitive function in the relationship between academic pressure and internet use disorders, gender differences in stress responses, and the influence of social factors such as isolation, stigma, and social support. The research emphasizes the necessity of early intervention strategies, the enhancement of effective coping mechanisms, and the development of social support systems to mitigate the negative effects of academic pressure on students’ mental health. This article also outlines existing research gaps and suggests future directions for studying the impact of academic pressure on the mental health of university students.
Risks to online safety in social media use among university students in Ha Noi
This article examines the risks to online safety arising from social media use among university students in Hanoi – a group that is young, active, yet particularly vulnerable in the digital environment. The study is based on a survey of 1.149 students from three universities in Hanoi, combined with a review of relevant literature to identify common risks and assess their severity. The findings reveal that more than 80% of respondents had encountered at least one online safety threat, with each student facing an average of 3, 4 risky situations, concentrated in three main domains: data security and privacy, information access, and online social relations. Among these, violations of personal data and privacy were considered the most severe, followed by exposure to misinformation, harmful content, and incidents of harassment and fraudulent activities. These risks are interrelated, amplifying their overall negative impact. Accordingly, the paper provides empirical evidence and proposes solutions for promoting a safe, humane, and sustainable digital society.
The necessity of an evaluation framework for innovative startup policies
This study employs analytical and interpretive methods to elucidate the theoretical foundations and demonstrate the necessity of developing an evaluation framework for innovative startup policies. The urgency of such a framework is justified from several perspectives: ensuring policy implementation effectiveness, optimizing resource allocation and utilization, fostering an enabling environment for innovation, promoting sustainable development, and enhancing adaptability to change. Accordingly, the study not only identifies its practical applications but also underscores the pivotal role of establishing a comprehensive framework to evaluate the effectiveness of innovative startup policies in Vietnam.
An integrated model of national data platform and real-time policy feedback to enhance the effectiveness of innovative startup support in Vietnam after resolutions No. 57-NQ/TW and 68-NQ/TW
This paper proposes an integrated model that combines the National Data Platform with a real-time policy feedback mechanism (referred to as DPI–RTPF) to improve the effectiveness of innovation and startup (I&S) policy implementation in the context of Vietnam’s enactment of Resolution No. 57-NQ/TW and Resolution No. 68-NQ/TW. Drawing on data governance theories and lessons from successful international cases such as Singapore, Estonia, and the United Kingdom, the paper outlines a four-layer functional framework: collection and integration of I&S data; real-time feedback analysis using AI; multi-stakeholder information visualization via dashboards; and short-cycle policy adjustments. Based on an analysis of the current situation in Vietnam, the study identifies significant gaps in legal institutions, technological capacity, and cross-sectoral coordination in order to propose the phased implementation of the DPI–RTPF model, beginning with pilot programs in localities with advanced I&S ecosystems, followed by the gradual completion of the legal framework, data infrastructure, and policy coordination mechanisms. The proposed model not only addresses delays and one-way flows in current policy execution but also establishes the foundation for a data-driven, transparent, and adaptive innovation governance approach in the digital transformation era.
Factors affecting the adoption of green accounting: The case of cement companies in Thanh Hoa Province
This study focuses on analyzing the factors affecting the adoption of green accounting in cement companies in Thanh Hoa province, within the context of the cement industry’s significant environmental impact and the increasing demand for sustainable development. A quantitative research method was employed, based on surveys of operating cement companies in the area, combined with data analysis using appropriate statistical techniques. The findings show that 5 factors affect the adoption of green accounting, ranked in descending order of influence: legal environment (β = 0.236), management (β = 0.206), business characteristics (β = 0.178), accounting staff (β = 0.143), and the role of the cement association (β = 0.129). All β coefficients are positive, indicating that these factors have a positive impact on the decision to adopt green accounting. Based on the analysis results, the study proposes several recommendations to promote the systematic adoption of green accounting, contributing to improving production efficiency in alignment with sustainable development.
Job-hopping attitude and its impact on turnover intention among young employees in Vietnam’s tourism industry
Although Vietnam’s tourism industry has made significant progress, the shortage of human resources remains a long-standing challenge. In the current world, job-hopping has become an increasing challenge for the tourism industry, especially among younger employees, where job-hopping rate is increasingly high. This study aims to investigate the relationship between job satisfaction and job-hopping attitude to turnover intention of young employees in the tourism industry, thereby formulating solutions to reduce the tendency of human resources to leave the industry. The results of the study with 235 survey responses collected from young employees in the tourism industry in Vietnam indicate that satisfaction on pay, promotion opportunities, manager/supervisor and external work environment reduces turnover intention, while job-hopping attitude leads to a higher turnover intention and weakens the relationship between satisfaction and this intention. This study is expected to make practical contributions to the tourism industry in developing strategies in order to retain human resources for the industry, aiming for more sustainable development.
Developing night tourism products in Quang Ninh Province
This article focuses on researching the development of night tourism products in Quang Ninh, aiming to boost the night-time economy and enhance tourism appeal. The study evaluates the theoretical foundations of tourism products and the current state of night tourism in Quang Ninh, based on which sustainable development solutions are proposed. Night tourism products include cultural performances, night tours, shopping, entertainment, sports, wellness services, sightseeing, and cuisine. The article also emphasizes the necessity of market research, investment, technology applications, and environmental protection in the development process. Developing night tourism is identified as a significant opportunity to raise Quang Ninh's position on the global tourism map and contribute to local socio-economic development.
Effect of rooting medium on the rooting ability of Podocarpus pilgeri foxw cuttings
Podocarpus pilgeri Foxw., 1907 is a rare plant species listed in the Vietnam Red Book that needs to be preserved. However, It is a difficult species to root. In cuttings with species that are difficult to root, it is necessary to have the most suitable growth regulator and rootting medium. Therefore, it is necessary to study the effects of growth regulators and rooting medium on the rooting ability to increase the survival rate and rooting rate of cuttings. This article presents the results of the study on the effects of rooting medium on the rooting ability of Podocarpus pilgeri Foxw cuttings. These results contribute to the completion of the research on the propagation of Podocarpus pilgeri Foxw by cuttings. The study formulated four rootting medium compositions by mixing yellow sand (50 – 80%) and sawdust (20 – 50%) in varying ratios. The collected data were processed statistically using Excel software. The results of all rootting medium formulas had cuttings starting to root in the 8th week. There were two good rootting medium formulas for rooting cuttings: 70% yellow sand and 30% sawdust for achieving a rooting rate of 57%, rooting index of 34,4; 60% yellow sand and 40% sawdust for achieving a rooting rate of 47,3%, rooting index of 26,6.
Assessing the current situation and proposing solutions to improve the efficiency of management of domestic plastic waste from households in Lao Cai City, Lao Cai Province
Lao Cai City is a northern border city in Lao Cai province with an economic growth rate of over 7%/year. The amount of domestic solid waste in general, and plastic waste in particular, is increasing along with the economic growth rate, creating significant pressure on local environmental issues. This study, through field surveys combined with collected documents, determined a coefficient of plastic waste generation of 0,07 kg/person/day and assessed the current status of plastic waste management in the city. Additionally, the study proposes solutions in the areas of communication and education; policies, institutions, and legal frameworks; as well as financial and investment strategies for environmental protection. These solutions aim to enhance the effectiveness of solid waste management in general and plastic waste management in particular for Lao Cai City, based on an analysis of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in environmental management within the city.
A preliminary study on the origin and grammatical characteristics of Japanese-origin vocabulary in Korean
This study aims to analyze the origin and grammatical characteristics of Korean vocabulary derived from Japanese. Drawing on the framework of historical linguistics, the article examines the historical context that led to lexical borrowing, the integration of these words into the Korean grammatical system, and their role in modern communication. This research not only clarifies the process of linguistic assimilation but also contributes to a deeper understanding of the historical and linguistic relationship between Korea and Japan.
Cultural consciousness in contemporary poetry of the Mekong Delta and the Central Coastal Plain – From a comparative perspective
This paper explores cultural consciousness in contemporary poetry from two regions: the Mekong Delta and the Central Coastal Plain of Vietnam. It elucidates their distinctive features and the intricate relationship between poetry and regional cultural identity. The poetry of Mekong Delta authors reflects a riverine consciousness, a life intertwined with fertile alluvium and abundant nature, embodying a free-spirited and folkloric essence. Meanwhile, the poetry from the Central Coastal Plain conveys a maritime consciousness, the harshness of nature, as well as a resilient spirit and deep contemplations on history and human existence. By analyzing the content and poetic techniques of representative works, this paper identifies both the differences and intersections in the cultural consciousness of these two regions while contributing to an understanding of the evolution of contemporary Vietnamese poetry in its process of inheriting tradition and adapting to modernity.
Factors affecting the effectiveness of emotional intelligence training among preschool teachers in Uong Bi City, Quang Ninh Province
Based on the research on the current status of factors affecting the effectiveness of emotional intelligence training among preschool teachers, this article proposes specific measures to improve the effectiveness of emotional intelligence training of preschool teachers in Uong Bi City, Quang Ninh Province. Data analysis methods including descriptive statistics, Cronbach’s Alpha reliability testing, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and linear regression analysis… have been employed to preliminarily validate the reliability of the proposed research measures.