4. Temperature and relative humidity characteristics and trends in Bac Ninh province during 2000 - 2020

Abstract

This study analyzed 21 years (2000 - 2020) of temperature data (Tmean, Tmax, Tmin) and relative humidity data (RHmean and RHmin) from the Bac Ninh meteorological station to assess the characteristics and long-term trends of these variables. The results reveal pronounced seasonal temperature variations, while relative humidity remained relatively stable (around 80 - 85 %), with two peaks in March and August and a minimum of about 60 % at the end of the year. Over the period 2000 - 2020, temperature exhibited a consistent warming trend, strongest during 2010 - 2020 in winter (Tmean: 0.35 °C/year; Tmax: 0.40 °C/year; Tmin: 0.33 °C/year). In contrast, relative humidity showed a declining trend throughout the study period, particularly evident during 2000 - 2009, with notable decreases in winter (-0.40 %/year for RHmean; -0.68 %/year for RHmin), spring (-0.30 %/year; -0.41 %/year), and summer (-0.37 %/year; -0.72 %/year).