Tạp chí Khoa học Tài nguyên và Môi trường
Tạp chí của Trường Đại học Tài nguyên và Môi trường Hà Nội
20. Assessment of the current status and proposed solutions for medical solid waste management at Duc Giang General Hospital, Hanoi city
Medical solid waste management is a key component in protecting the environment and public health in healthcare service delivery. This study was conducted to assess the status of medical solid waste management at Duc Giang General Hospital, Hanoi city, and to propose appropriate management solutions. The results show that the classification, collection, storage, and transfer of medical solid waste at Duc Giang general hospital have been implemented in a relatively systematic manner and in compliance with current regulations. However, several limitations remain, including limited awareness among some patients and their relatives, as well as shortcomings in supervision and guidance on source waste segregation. Based on these findings, the study proposes several solutions to enhance the effectiveness of medical solid waste management at the hospital in the coming period.
Copyright (c) 2026 Tạp chí Khoa học Tài nguyên và Môi trường
19. Research and development of an information system to support real estate transactions in Hanoi city
The real estate market in Hanoi is developing rapidly but faces significant challenges regarding transparency and information asymmetry. Participants in transactions often encounter difficulties in verifying legal status, true value, and planning information, leading to numerous disputes. This paper focuses on researching and proposing an integrated information system (IS) model to support stakeholders (buyers, sellers, brokers, and regulatory agencies) in safely and efficiently searching, verifying, and conducting real estate transactions. The research utilizes system analysis and database design methods. GIS (Geographic Information System) technology is applied to visualize planning map data, and Web/Mobile technology is used to build an interactive interface. Data is collected from reliable sources such as the Department of Agriculture and Environment, major real estate exchanges, and field surveys. The proposed information system not only contributes to the transparency of the capital's real estate market but also serves as a powerful tool to reduce transaction time and costs. The research results are an important foundation for developing e-government applications in land management in Hanoi.
18. Evaluation of domestic solid waste collection fee mechanism in Xuan Dinh ward, Hanoi city from an environmental economics perspective and proposals for improvement towards the circular economy
In the context of rapid urbanization, domestic solid waste management in major cities like Hanoi faces numerous challenges, particularly regarding financial sustainability and environmental efficiency. Xuan Dinh Ward, with its high urbanization rate and population density, is experiencing increasing pressure from waste generation. This study evaluates the current domestic solid waste collection fee mechanism in Xuan Dinh Ward from an environmental economics perspective by conducting field surveys of 50 households, combined with Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) and multi-criteria decision matrix methods. The results indicate that the current flat-rate fee mechanism, at approximately 24,000 VND/person/month, covers only about 49.7 % of actual costs and eliminates incentives for waste reduction and source separation. Based on these findings, the study proposes a roadmap to transition to a Pay-As-You-Throw (PAYT) mechanism integrated with the circular economy, including implementing a two-part fee structure and formalizing the informal collection sector to improve management efficiency and ensure social equity.
17. Research on building a pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical website using the Laravel framework combined with AI for customer care and Blockchain technology for data security
The research focuses on developing an e-commerce website for the dermo-cosmetics industry using the Laravel framework to address two major challenges: personalizing the customer experience and ensuring product origin transparency. The system integrates Artificial Intelligence via a Chatbot (Cosmebot) using the Gemini API, enabling natural-language product consultation based on user needs and budgets. Notably, the Skin Test feature analyzes skin conditions (acne, oiliness, redness) from images to recommend personalized skincare routines. In terms of security, Blockchain and IPFS technologies are used to store immutable product data, enabling anti-counterfeit authentication via QR codes. The website not only completes core business operations such as sales management, logistics, and loyalty systems but also enhances consumer trust through transparency and modernization. Experimental results demonstrate that the system operates stably and effectively meets practical demands in the era of digital transformation.
10. THỰC TRẠNG ĐỀ XUẤT GIẢI PHÁP PHÁT TRIỂN HOẠT ĐỘNG DU LỊCH SINH THÁI TẠI VÙNG ĐẤT NGẬP NƯỚC CẦN GIỜ, THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH
Bài báo tập trung phân tích thực trạng phát triển hoạt động du lịch sinh thái tại vùng đất ngập nước Cần Giờ - khu dự trữ sinh quyển thế giới được UNESCO công nhận. Nghiên cứu cho thấy Cần Giờ có nhiều tiềm năng với hệ sinh thái rừng ngập mặn đa dạng, các loại hình du lịch sinh thái phong phú và lượng khách tăng nhanh qua các năm. Tuy nhiên, hoạt động du lịch còn tồn tại nhiều hạn chế như cơ sở lưu trú và dịch vụ chưa đáp ứng nhu cầu, thời gian lưu trú ngắn, áp lực môi trường gia tăng. Trên cơ sở khảo sát thực tế và phân tích số liệu, nhóm tác giả đã đề xuất các giải pháp phát triển du lịch sinh thái theo hướng bền vững, gắn bảo tồn tài nguyên thiên nhiên với phát triển kinh tế - xã hội địa phương. Các giải pháp nhấn mạnh vai trò của quy hoạch, bảo vệ môi trường, phát triển sản phẩm đặc thù, nâng cao nguồn nhân lực và sự tham gia của cộng đồng.
21. GIẢI PHÁP NÂNG CAO VAI TRÒ CỦA PHỤ NỮ TRONG CÔNG TÁC BẢO VỆ MÔI TRƯỜNG SỐNG VÀ ỨNG PHÓ VỚI BIẾN ĐỔI KHÍ HẬU Ở VIỆT NAM HIỆN NAY
Mục đích của bài báo là làm rõ vai trò quan trọng của phụ nữ trong công tác bảo vệ môi trường (BVMT) sống và ứng phó với biến đổi khí hậu (BĐKH) hiện nay, từ đó phân tích những khó khăn, hạn chế khiến phụ nữ chưa phát huy hết tiềm năng trong lĩnh vực này, đồng thời đề xuất các giải pháp thiết thực nhằm nâng cao nhận thức, năng lực và tạo điều kiện thuận lợi để phụ nữ tham gia nhiều hơn, hiệu quả hơn vào các hoạt động BVMT và ứng phó với BĐKH ở Việt Nam hiện nay. Bài báo áp dụng cách tiếp cận liên ngành tích hợp giữa phân tích giới, khoa học môi trường và các quan điểm kinh tế - xã hội, phù hợp với truyền thống nghiên cứu môi trường đa ngành vốn liên kết nhiều lĩnh vực để giải quyết vấn đề phức tạp. Bài báo sử dụng phương pháp thu thập dữ liệu liên quan đến vai trò của phụ nữ trong công tác BVMT và ứng phó với BĐKH ở Việt Nam hiện nay; Phương pháp tổng hợp, phân tích, đánh giá: thông qua các dữ liệu thu thập được nhằm làm rõ các khía xã hội như động cơ, thuận lợi và rào cản đối với sự tham gia của phụ nữ trong công tác BVMT. Bài báo cung cấp hệ thống toàn diện về vai trò đa chiều của phụ nữ trong công tác BVMT và ứng phó với BĐKH ở Việt Nam hiện nay, đánh giá những rào cản mang tính hệ thống như các định kiến về giới, khoảng cách về giới trong các chính sách pháp luật,…đối với phụ nữ trong công tác này. Từ đó đề xuất các kiến nghị chiến lược nhằm nâng cao hiệu quả vai trò của phụ nữ trong công tác BVMT sống và ứng phó với BĐKH ở Việt Nam hiện nay.
Copyright (c) 2025 Tạp chí Khoa học Tài nguyên và Môi trường
20. Greenhouse gas inventory and proposed mitigation measures at VCP Pharmaceutical Joint Stock Company, Hanoi, Vietnam
This study focuses on the quantitative inventory of greenhouse gas emissions generated by VCP Pharmaceutical Joint Stock Company in 2024, conducted in strict compliance with Circular No. 38/2023/TT-BCT issued by the Ministry of Industry and Trade of Vietnam. The inventory scope covers both Scope 1 (direct emissions) and Scope 2 (indirect emissions from electricity consumption). The total greenhouse gas emissions were quantified at 1,683.5 tons of CO₂e per year. Emission structure analysis revealed that the largest source of emissions was Scope 2 (grid electricity use), accounting for 1,147.18 tons of CO₂e per year, or 68.1 % of the total. This predominance underscores the critical role of electricity consumption in shaping the company’s carbon footprint. Based on these findings, the study proposes strategic mitigation measures, including rooftop solar installation and energy efficiency optimization, to support VCP in enhancing energy performance, reducing environmental impacts, and aligning with sustainable development objectives.
19. Impact of digital marketing on sustainable tourism development in Vietnam: Current situation and solutions
This study aims to analyze the impact of digital marketing on the tourism industry in Vietnam, focusing on the main pillars: Economic, social-cultural, and environmental. This study has demonstrated that digital marketing influences the identification of tourism destinations, the promotion of tourism businesses, and sustainable tourism development. Tourism businesses use digital marketing channels to promote destinations and are aware of the key role of digital marketing in promoting sustainable tourism growth. On the other hand, digital marketing not only supports the promotion and identification of tourism destinations but also contributes to the long-term development of tourism, at the same time, providing valuable insights for tourists looking for information about destinations, for businesses in enhancing digital interactions with tourists, and for policymakers to develop targeted, sustainable tourism strategies, taking advantage of digital marketing trends.
18. Assessing the satisfaction of land-affected people in the coastal road construction project through Hai Hau district, Nam Dinh province
Hai Hau district (now divided into 08 new communes belonging to Ninh Binh province) is a coastal plain district located in the Southeast, with significant potential for developing the marine economy. The coastal road construction project passing through Nam Dinh province in Hai Hau district, once completed and put into operation, will connect the economic and political centers of three coastal districts, thereby contributing to the completion of the coastal road network in the region. The project has a total land acquisition, compensation, and resettlement budget of VND 294,979 billion for 391 households and 11 agencies/organizations across 07 communes, with a total acquired land area of 531.327,54 m². The study identified 16 factors grouped into four main categories to assess the satisfaction of land-affected households, measured on a Likert scale ranging from “completely satisfied” to “satisfied” (3.46 to 4.39). Examining these factors provides state authorities with insights into local residents’ needs, fosters social consensus, strengthens public trust in the government, and ensures that land acquisition is conducted in a fair, transparent, and effective manner.
17. Analyzing and forecasting used car selling prices using the linear regression method
The used car market has been rapidly expanding both globally and in Vietnam, creating a demand for more accurate price prediction models to support sales and market transparency. This study applies the multiple linear regression method to analyze and predict used car prices using a dataset of more than 4,000 records from Kaggle. The research process includes data preprocessing, exploratory data analysis, regression modeling, and performance evaluation. Results indicate that model year, mileage, brand, and transmission type significantly influence car prices. The regression model achieved an R² value of 0.82, demonstrating its effectiveness in explaining price variation. This study contributes not only academically but also practically by supporting dealerships, showrooms, and consumers in decision-making. Future work will focus on extending the dataset to the Vietnamese market and comparing linear regression with advanced machine learning models.
16. Quantitative CO2 emissions from in closed room with and without air conditioner
Indoor CO2 is produced by the respiration of humans, animals, and plants living in those places. Over time, CO2 accumulates in the room, increasing its concentration. To study CO2 accumulation in closed living rooms in urban areas today, the study measured CO2 fluxes in three closed rooms. The measured results showed that the highest CO2 concentration measured was 1,870 ppm (5 am, PN2), which is higher than the recommended threshold according to TCVN 13521:2022 (1,000 ppm). The rate of CO2 increase depends on room characteristics, sleep duration, and the number of people in the room, with the average CO2 emission rate being 15.74 ± 3,31 %/hour. The largest volume of CO2 emitted by a person during an 8-night stay was 66.59 L, which is equivalent to 78.34 L of O2 required for respiration (~374 L of fresh air). The study showed that with and without using air conditioning, there are no differences in CO2 emission concentration (P = 0.237). The study results also showed that ventilation is a very important factor that needs to be considered when designing and using air conditioning in buildings.
15. Analysis and evaluation of the geometric accuracy of orthorectification of Remote Sensing imagery without Ground Control Points based on Rigorous and Ground Control Point Models
In the processing of high and very-high-resolution optical remote sensing imagery, geometric correction (orthorectification) is a critical step to eliminate distortions caused by the sensor, terrain, and imaging geometry, ensuring that the image is accurately aligned with the map coordinate system. Traditionally, this process requires the use of Ground Control Points (GCPs) to achieve high positional accuracy. However, in many situations, especially those requiring automated, large-volume data processing and near real-time response in emergency scenarios, orthorectification without GCPs methods based on intrinsic sensor models has become an important approach in modern processing systems. Two primary categories of models are commonly used: (i) rigorous sensor models, which rely on satellite orbit parameters and sensor calibration data; and (ii) the Rational Polynomial Coefficient (RPC) model, which is provided with most commercial satellite imagery. The objective of this paper is to analyze and evaluate the geometric accuracy of high- and ultra-high-resolution remote sensing images orthorectified without GCPs using both rigorous physical models and pure RPC-based approaches. The study results show that the orthorectification without GCPs using a rigorous model achieves point positional errors of approximately 3–5 meters in flat terrain and 15 - 20 meters in mountainous areas. In contrast, using the RPC model results in point positional errors of approximately 37 - 39 meters.
14. Resettlement and stabilization for residents in disaster-prone ethnic minority and mountainous regions in Quang Nam province - current status and solutions
This study aims to assess the current status and propose solutions to enhance the effectiveness of resettlement and stabilization for residents in disaster-prone areas inhabited by ethnic minority and mountainous communities of Quang Nam province. The study employed secondary data collection methods, directly interviewing 90 officials working on residential resettlement at all levels; 200 households have been resettled or are in the process of being relocated. The results show that between 2021 and 2024, the province implemented 57 residential stabilization sites, primarily for disaster prevention, accommodating 2,248 out of 2,618 households, with the average provincial disbursement rate reaching 90.4 %. Essentially, residential resettlement projects have garnered strong community support, contributing to the provision of safe housing, stabilization of livelihoods, and socio-economic development. However, in the implementation process, there are still shortcomings and limitations that affect the progress of implementing the general plan for the whole period. Based on the existing limitations, the study proposed a set of solutions aimed at improving the effectiveness of resettlement work to prevent natural disasters in ethnic minority and mountainous areas in the province in the coming period.
13. Evaluate the current situation and the factors that affect the price fluctuations of apartments. in some projects in Hanoi city (study in Ha Dong, Duong Noi, Yen Nghia, Phu Luong, and Kien Hung wards)
The study aims to assess the current situation of apartment prices and identify the factors influencing price fluctuations in several condominium projects located in the wards of Ha Dong, Duong Noi, Yen Nghia, Phu Luong, and Kien Hung, Hanoi city. Based on a survey of 200 residents living in eight condominium projects within the study area, relevant data were selected and analyzed. Statistical methods were applied to process and interpret the data, thereby highlighting the major determinants affecting apartment pricing. The findings indicate that the primary factors influencing apartment prices include financial and support conditions, the developer’s reputation and brand, location and living environment, building and apartment characteristics, service quality, legal factors, and external market forces. Among these, external factors (such as supply and demand dynamics, macroeconomic conditions, and government policies exert) the strongest influence, followed by the developer’s reputation and brand, project location, transportation accessibility, and legal compliance. Technical characteristics, financial elements, and property management services have a moderate but long-term supporting impact. Based on these analytical results, the study proposes some recommendations aimed at promoting the sustainable development of the condominium real estate market in the study area.
12. Assessing current land use in Phu Luong district, Thai Nguyen province
This study assesses the current status of land use and land use changes in Phu Luong district, Thai Nguyen province. The research employed methods of primary and secondary data collection, comparative analysis, and data synthesis and processing. The results indicate that the total natural area of Phu Luong district is 34,979.67 hectares, of which agricultural land accounts for 84.79 %, non-agricultural land for 14.66%, and the remainder is unused land. The land use change in Phu Luong district shows a trend of gradual decrease in agricultural land area and gradual increase in non-agricultural land area. Based on these findings, the study proposes several solutions to improve land use efficiency in the forthcoming development stage within the study area.
11. Proposing an application process for integrating Artificial Intelligence and Blockchain in accounting and auditing
This study proposes a theoretical framework and application process that integrates artificial intelligence (AI) and blockchain (BC) to establish an automated accounting system and continuous auditing (CA) in Vietnamese enterprises. The study employs a systematic review of literature on AI, BC, and smart contracts (SCs), and applies the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework to analyze factors that facilitate or impede the practical adoption of these technologies. The primary contribution is a detailed four-layer integrated process framework, which highlights the role of SCs in automating transaction recording (triple-entry accounting) and AI in real-time risk analysis of data. The findings offer a robust theoretical foundation and multidimensional strategic recommendations for government, enterprises, and organizations to advance comprehensive digital transformation in Vietnam's accounting and auditing sector.
10. Evaluation of results of implementation of the Land Use Plan for urban management and infrastructure development in Thuan Nam district, Ninh Thuan province
The study aims to assess the results and propose solutions to improve the efficiency of the Land Use Plan in the Thuan Nam district, Ninh Thuan province (now Khanh Hoa province). The methods used were secondary investigation, primary investigation, and data synthesis and processing. Research results show that differences in the results of land use planning implementation between years. In 2023, the results of implementing land use targets exceeded the plan. In 2024, the results of implementing land use targets were significantly lower than the set plan. Those differences come from many causes. It is necessary to implement certain solutions to enhance the effectiveness of land use planning and plans, particularly in the current context of implementing a two-level local government. The research findings additionally offer a crucial scientific foundation to support urban management and infrastructure development in the local area
9. Sustainability assessment of community-based tourism in Hung Lo ancient village, Phu Tho province
This study aims to assess the sustainability of community-based tourism activities in Hung Lo ancient village, Van Phu ward, Phu Tho province, across three dimensions as economic, social, and environmental, based on the Global Sustainable Tourism Council criteria. The research applies a sociological survey method using structured questionnaires administered to 32 residents participating in community-based tourism. The results show that community tourism activities in Hung Lo ancient village have positive effects on governance and social development, reflected in the effective operation and fair distribution of benefits, creating consensus in the community of the management board; Creating regular jobs for people (90.6 %); Promoting the development of other economic sectors; Improving tourism skills and improving the quality of life for local people (100 %), especially preserving and conserving cultural values ​​and ancient landscape architecture. However, the current model still reveals certain limitations in sustainability, reflected in the small scale of community participation, monotonous tourism products, lack of overnight accommodation, low income, and environmental protection work not being given due attention. The study has proposed a number of solutions to develop community tourism in a more sustainable direction in the coming years.
8. Applying GIS technology and open data on the internet to assess the risk of soil erosion using the RUSLE model in the Tra Khuc river basin
Soil erosion caused by rainfall is the most important form of land degradation in many parts of the world, including in Vietnam. The Tra Khuc river basin, located in the central provinces of Vietnam, is one of the most erosion-prone areas due to complex topography and high rainfall intensity. Therefore, this study used the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model along with the application of Geographic Information System (GIS) technology and open-source internet data to map the soil erosion severity and assess erosion risk in the Trà Khúc River Basin. Input parameters included rainfall data, land cover, remote sensing imagery, Digital Elevation Model (DEM), and soil type. The results indicated that the average annual soil loss in the basin was 12.67 tons/ha/year, exceeding the tolerable soil erosion threshold. Specifically, 40.6 % of the total area (247,427.9 ha) experienced soil loss of less than 1 ton/ha/year, while 9.17 % (55,837.5 ha) suffered from very high erosion rates (>50 tons/ha/year), necessitating urgent mitigation measures. The study also shows that integrating open-access data with the GIS-based RUSLE model is a feasible approach for estimating soil erosion in the study area. This method enables a focus on reducing land degradation solutions to prevent further land degradation and support sustainable development in the future.
7. Study and determination of criteria for selecting the type of structure for installing water flow monitoring equipment in accordance with flow complexity
Streamflow discharge is one of the fundamental hydrological parameters, representing essential data used in the design of various hydraulic and civil engineering structures, such as irrigation systems, hydropower plants, bridges, culverts, and waterways. Discharge data are also indispensable for socio-economic activities, as well as for planning, development, and management of water resources and water use. However, various methods, structures, and instruments are applied to measure stream discharge at different times and conditions. The selection of an appropriate discharge measurement method, structure, or instrument depends on multiple factors such as flow magnitude, river size, velocity, required accuracy, economic efficiency, manpower, and safety. In particular, the selected monitoring method, equipment, and hydraulic structure must be suitable for factors such as water level fluctuation, type of overflow section, channel width, flow complexity, tidal influence, suspended sediment concentration, and the topographical and geological conditions of the riverbanks.
6. Assessing the relationship between the Excess Cold Factor and the proportion of people with infectious, cardiovascular, and respiratory diseases in Bac Ninh province
This study analyzed the impact of meteorological factors and cold-wave events on health, specifically infectious, cardiovascular, and respiratory diseases, by computing and analyzing the cold-wave index ECF and assessing its relationship with these disease groups during 2022 - 2024 in Bac Ninh province. Data analysis reveals that ECF_mean plays a predictive role in public health, particularly for respiratory diseases (r = -0.68) and infectious diseases (r = -0.54). When ECF_mean is high, case counts decline markedly; Conversely, when ECF_mean is low and cold spells are prolonged, case counts rise sharply, especially for respiratory and infectious groups. The cardiovascular disease group shows a weak correlation (r = -0.24), indicating the need to incorporate additional factors such as EHF, age, and underlying comorbidities. The ECF index is a useful metric that can explain/predict much of the increase in cases during deep or prolonged cold events, but it cannot be used alone to definitively establish causation without multivariate (multi-factor) analysis.
5. Assessment of the implementation of compensation, support upon state land recovery in Nho Quan district, Ninh Binh province
Land recovery by the State represents a critical legal mechanism in Vietnam’s land administration system, directly affecting the rights and livelihoods of land users. This study was conducted to assess public perceptions of compensation and support activities implemented during State land recovery in Nho Quan district, Ninh Binh province, and to propose appropriate solutions to improve existing practices. The study used the survey method for 80 households and individuals whose land was recovered, randomly selected in 02 projects on policy implementation, implementation and organization of compensation, and support when the State recovers land. The findings reveal that compensation and support activities were generally implemented in accordance with statutory regulations under the 2013 Land Law and relevant decrees. Most affected households expressed broad consent regarding compensation policies, implementation procedures, and the conduct of responsible officials. Nevertheless, several shortcomings were identified, including inconsistencies in the land database system, policy adjustments during implementation, and obstacles in land declaration and measurement processes. The study recommends several legal and administrative measures aimed at strengthening policy enforcement, ensuring transparency, and enhancing the effectiveness of compensation and support mechanisms, particularly during the transitional phase of the 2024 Land Law.
4. Temperature and relative humidity characteristics and trends in Bac Ninh province during 2000 - 2020
This study analyzed 21 years (2000 - 2020) of temperature data (Tmean, Tmax, Tmin) and relative humidity data (RHmean and RHmin) from the Bac Ninh meteorological station to assess the characteristics and long-term trends of these variables. The results reveal pronounced seasonal temperature variations, while relative humidity remained relatively stable (around 80 - 85 %), with two peaks in March and August and a minimum of about 60 % at the end of the year. Over the period 2000 - 2020, temperature exhibited a consistent warming trend, strongest during 2010 - 2020 in winter (Tmean: 0.35 °C/year; Tmax: 0.40 °C/year; Tmin: 0.33 °C/year). In contrast, relative humidity showed a declining trend throughout the study period, particularly evident during 2000 - 2009, with notable decreases in winter (-0.40 %/year for RHmean; -0.68 %/year for RHmin), spring (-0.30 %/year; -0.41 %/year), and summer (-0.37 %/year; -0.72 %/year).
3. Assessment of groundwater quality using groundwater quality index in Chau Thanh commune, Vinh Long province
Chau Thanh commune, Vinh Long province (formerly Chau Thanh district, Tra Vinh province) is a water-scarce area according to Decision No. 1553/QD-TTg dated November 8, 2019 of the Prime Minister on the program to investigate and search for groundwater resources to supply domestic water in highland areas and water-scarce areas. During the dry season, the area faces water scarcity due to saltwater intrusion and depletion of groundwater resources due to overexploitation. Therefore, it is critical to evaluate the quality of groundwater to serve research and propose solutions for exploiting groundwater resources for domestic water supply, ensuring social security and economic development in the region. The study evaluated the Groundwater Quality Index (GWQI) for the middle-upper Pleistocene aquifer (q2-3) through the following parameters: pH, total hardness, Cl⁻, SO₄²⁻, NO₃⁻, NO₂⁻, NH₄⁺, Fe, As, and Coliform. The results indicated that groundwater quality in the study area can be classified into three categories: poor (4.4 % of total samples), moderate (15.5 %), and good (80 %).
2. Diversity and structure of mangroves in Tien Hai Wetland Nature Reserve, Hung Yen
Several studies have been conducted in the mangrove forest area of the Tien Hai Wetland Nature Reserve; however, updated data on the structural characteristics and stratification of the mangrove biome along the tidal inundation gradient, as well as the current status of species diversity following land-use changes, remain limited. This study aims to analyze the spatial distribution and diversity of mangrove vegetation in relation to topography and tidal inundation within the Tien Hai Wetland Nature Reserve. Specifically, it focuses on: (1) Describing species composition and community types across different habitat conditions; (2) Characterizing the stratified structure of mangrove vegetation under varying tidal flooding regimes; and (3) Examining the relationship between communities and tidal inundation to provide insights for sustainable mangrove planting and restoration in Tien Hai. The research results also identified 103 mangrove species, along with their typical ecological zones and dominant communities, in the Tien Hai mangrove forest area.
1. Assessing the quality of short-term heavy rain forecasts of the IFS model in the Northern plains and midlands
This study provides a detailed verification of the short-range (1 - 3 days) heavy rainfall forecast skill of the Integrated Forecasting System (IFS) operated by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) over the Northern delta and midland region of Vietnam during 2014 - 2023. Using 24-hour accumulated rainfall observations from 39 surface stations and IFS forecasts at 24-, 48- and 72-hour lead times, a set of continuous error metrics (ME, MAE, RMSE, BIAS, correlation coefficient R) and categorical scores (POD, FAR, TS, BS) were computed for different rainfall thresholds (moderate, heavy and very heavy rainfall) and for distinct synoptic patterns. Statistical significance of correlation and skill scores was assessed at the 0.05 level. Results indicate that IFS provides reasonably accurate 24-hour rainfall forecasts at short lead times, with mean correlation coefficients around 0.7, RMSE of 18 - 25 mm, and BIAS close to unity, implying slightly under- or overestimated rainfall depending on the sub-region. Forecast quality, however, deteriorates markedly at 48 - 72-hour leads (R dropping to about 0.5 and RMSE exceeding 30 mm) and for very heavy rainfall events (>100 mm/24 h), where both missed events and false alarms remain substantial. Spatially, the model tends to underestimate rainfall over the midland areas and overestimate it along the coastal plains. Verification by synoptic pattern shows that rainfall associated with compressed low-level troughs and tropical cyclones is better captured than that related to cold surges with weak convergence or localized convective systems.
40. Influence of urbanization on land use changes in Gia Vien district, Ninh Bình province
Urbanization is a universal phenomenon that occurs in all countries around the world. Vietnam, in general, and Ninh Binh province, in particular, are no exception to this activity. The urbanization process causes strong fluctuations in the land use structure in Gia Vien district (After merging the old Gia Vien district, including 7 new wards and communes: Gia Vien, Dai Hoang, Gia Hung, Gia Phong, Gia Van, Gia Tran and Tay Hoa Lu), especially the process of converting land use purposes from agricultural land to non-agricultural land as well as many other fluctuations in the land use process. By using a combination of research methods to collect secondary documents, analyze, synthesize, and compare them, the study demonstrates that the urbanization process has impacted land use over time and space in Gia Vien district. Under the influence of the urbanization process, as of December 31, 2024, the area of ​​non-agricultural land is 5,267.75 hectares, an increase of 127.04 ha compared to 2019. In particular, the increase in non-agricultural land area is mainly due to the expansion of industrial parks, industrial clusters, and the upgrading and renovation of the technical infrastructure system. On the contrary, the area of ​​agricultural land has gradually decreased over the years: in 2024, the area of ​​agricultural land is 11,929.74 ha; a decrease of 179.49 ha compared to 2019. Based on the assessment of the impact of urbanization on land fluctuations, the article proposes a number of solutions to improve the efficiency of land management and use in the study area.
39. Assessing the current status of greenhouse gas emissions in agricultural production in some communities, Son La province
Assessing the current status of greenhouse gas emissions in agricultural production is of great importance for achieving the Government’s emission reduction target by 2050. The study focuses on emissions from crop cultivation and livestock production, using secondary data and household interviews as research methods. The results show that: (i) The total greenhouse gas emissions from all five communes amounted to 377,541.2 tons CO2-eq. Of this, crop cultivation accounted for the majority with 94.5 %, mainly due to CH4 emissions from rice paddies; while livestock contributed 5.5 %, with key sources being enteric fermentation and manure management; (ii) Comparison among communes: Nam Lau recorded the highest emissions (198,052.7 tons CO2-eq), representing 52.4 % of the total; Chieng Pha had the lowest emissions (81,936.6 tons CO2-eq), though its emission structure remained similar to that of the other communes; Phong Lap and Bon Phang reported comparable emission levels (50,171.4 tons CO2-eq and 26,344.6 tons CO2-eq, respectively), with livestock contributing a higher proportion compared to the other communes; (iii) Regarding the emission structure: Rice cultivation contributed more than 350,000 tons CO2-eq, corresponding to nearly 93 % of crop-related emissions, primarily CH4; Enteric fermentation from beef cattle and buffalo represented the largest share in livestock, ranging from 3,000 - 6,000 tons CO2-eq per commune, highlighting the role of ruminants in greenhouse gas emissions; Manure management from pigs and poultry also generated significant CH4 and N2O emissions; (iv) Urea fertilizer use caused 1,367.4 tons CO2-eq, while biomass burning emitted NOx and CO at relatively low levels, but still requires control to reduce harmful gases; (v) The communes’ average emissions ranged from 20,000 - 200,000 tons CO2-eq, depending on rice cultivation area and livestock scale. This study provides important contributions as a basis for establishing baseline emissions for mitigation and adaptation to climate change in the agriculture sectors of Son La province.
38. Characteristics of landscape-forming factors and their significance for sustainable development orientation in the Ea Sup semi-plain region
Natural conditions and resources are fundamental to the existence and development of human society as well as socio-economic activities. Throughout history, humans have shifted from being dependent on nature to becoming active agents that exert strong impacts on natural systems, generating both positive effects and degradation when exploitation exceeds the natural threshold of self-recovery. The adjacency to major plateaus and the border location shape the Ea Sup semi-plain as an important geomorphological-ecological transition zone, and at the same time a gateway linking the sub-landscape regions of the Central Highlands with Cambodian territory. Geographically, the area lies to the southwest of the Pleiku Plateau, on the western margin of the Buon Ma Thuot Plateau, and connects to the northern part of the Dak Nong Plateau. The analysis of landscape-forming factors indicates that the eroded plains interspersed with residual hills, under a tropical monsoon climate with pronounced wet and dry seasons, combined with a dense river network, have created specific patterns in soil development and biological processes. In terms of soil resources, the region comprises five major soil groups with eleven soil types, ranging from fertile basaltic soils to leached grey soils and nutrient-poor sandy soils. The presence of the endemic dipterocarp forest ecosystem is a remarkable feature of high conservation value. However, human activities have increasingly exerted strong influences on the structure and functioning of the landscape. On this basis, the study focuses on analyzing the characteristics of the landscape-forming factors to identify the natural potentials and constraints of the Ea Sup semi-plain.
37. Evaluating several artificial intelligence applications in teaching at Hanoi University of Natural Resources and Environment
In the era of rapid industrial development, artificial intelligence (AI) plays an increasingly important role in many fields, especially in the field of education. In recent years, the application of AI in education has created amazing breakthroughs, contributing to improving the quality of teaching and learning not only in the world but also in Vietnam. With the ability to create engaging lectures, automate basic educational tasks, and personalize lessons suitable for each learner, students,… AI has helped make lessons more interesting, attractive, and effective for both teachers and students. The application of AI in teaching is an inevitable trend. Therefore, this study surveys the current status of AI applications in teaching at Hanoi University of Natural Resources and Environment, aiming to improve the effectiveness of teaching and learning for both lecturers and students, and proposes solutions to enhance AI applications in teaching.