India and Vietnam’s Power-balancing Strategies in the IndoPacific Region

Abstract

This paper analyzes and compares Vietnam’s power-balancing strategy in the IndoPacific region, using India as a reference point to highlight the differences in how the two countries formulate and implement balancing policies. The study uses four criteria: (1) strategic objectives, (2) implementation instruments, (3) the U.S - China factor, and (4) the degree of alignment versus nonalignment. The findings indicate that, while India proactively pursues a balancing strategy to expand its regional influence, Vietnam adopts a balancing model primarily aimed at safeguarding sovereignty, maintaining stability and development. These differences reflect the disparities in capabilities, strategic positioning, and strategic orientation between the two countries. Based on these findings, the paper proposes several policy implications for Vietnam to strengthen its strategic autonomy and enhance its role within the emerging regional architecture.