Can digital transformation enhance the cost-efficiency of logistics enterprises in Vinh Long Province?

Abstract

Amid the digital economy and intense logistics competition, this study investigates how digital transformation affects the cost efficiency of logistics firms in Vinh Long province. Using panel data from 53 enterprises (2021–2023), regression results show that digital transformation significantly enhances cost efficiency by optimizing operating costs. Firm size directly improves efficiency and strengthens the digital transformation–cost efficiency link, giving larger firms greater advantages. Labor scale and financial leverage also enhance efficiency, while firm age reduces it due to structural rigidity and outdated technologies. The equity-to-asset ratio is insignificant. Managerial implications are proposed to improve cost efficiency in the digital era.