Tạp chí của Hội Thú y Việt Nam
Chi hội thú y thú nhỏ Việt Nam (VSAVA) tham dự hội nghị thú y thú nhỏ thế giới lần thứ 49 (WSAVA 2024), tổ chức tại Thành phố Tô Châu, Trung Quốc
Kỹ thuật tán sỏi thận qua da trên chó và ứng dụng thực hiện ca lâm sàng
Sỏi thận là một bệnh lý phức tạp và ngày càng gia tăng trên thú nuôi, đặc biệt là chó, mèo trong nhiều thập kỷ qua (Donner et al., 1987; Stone et al., 2022). Ở Việt Nam, có rất ít tài liệu đề cập bệnh lý sỏi thận trên chó mèo (Bui et al., 2024; My et al., 2024). Đồng thời, phương pháp điều trị sỏi thận chưa được báo cáo. Phương pháp tán sỏi thận qua da (Percutaneous nephrolithotomy-PCNL) đã được sử dụng phổ biến trên người ở nước ta từ nhiều năm nay. Kỹ thuật tán sỏi qua da dần được phổ biến trên cả nước khi ứng dụng của siêu âm dẫn đường vì tính ít xâm lấn, trang bị đơn giản và đặc biệt là không phải sử dụng tia X-quang
Thực trạng thực hành da liễu tại các phòng khám thú y ở Việt nam
Việt Nam hiện có trên 7 triệu chó và mèo (theo số liệu của Cục Thú y, 2024) và có thể con số thực tế còn cao hơn. Để đáp ứng nhu cấu chăm sóc sức khoẻ chó mèo, hiện có hàng ngàn phòng khám và bệnh viện thú y trên toàn quốc. Các yếu tố khí hậu, đa dạng về cách nuôi dưỡng, việc áp dụng các biện pháp phòng bệnh và sử dụng thuốc điều trị ảnh hưởng đến sự phức tạp các bệnh da liễu trên thú cưng và gây nhiều khó khăn cho các bác sĩ thú y, ảnh hưởng đến phúc lợi của thú cưng và tâm lý của chủ nuôi. Nghiên cứu về thực trạng thực hành da liễu tại các phòng khám thú y trên toàn quốc trong 6 tháng (từ tháng 2 đến tháng 7 năm 2024) có thể hữu ích cho các bác sĩ thú y thú nhỏ cũng như các nhà cung cấp thuốc thú y liên quan đến phòng và trị bệnh da liễu trên chó và mèo tại Việt Nam.
Điều trị bệnh viêm ruột do Parvovirus trên chó
Bệnh viêm ruột do canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) trên chó là nguyên nhân gây bệnh đường ruột nguy hiểm và phổ biến nhất ở chó trên toàn thế giới. CPV-2 tấn công vào các cơ quan quan trọng của cơ thể, như tủy xương, hạch bạch huyết và các tế bào niêm mạc ruột, gây tiêu chảy ra máu làm con vật kiệt sức và tử vong. Các phương pháp chẩn đoán căn bệnh này được phát triển ngày càng hiện đại dựa trên nguyên nhân và cơ chế sinh bệnh. Phương pháp điều trị bệnh do CPV-2 bao gồm truyền dịch để bổ sung lượng nước và chất điện giải, hỗ trợ dinh dưỡng sớm, thuốc chống nôn, kháng sinh chống phụ nhiễm. Hiệu quả điều trị bệnh này phụ thuộc vào nhiều yếu tố khác nhau, ví dụ như thời gian phát hiện bệnh, mức độ tổn thương cũng như sự phù hợp của liệu trình điều trị. Bài viết này cập nhật thông tin về các vấn đề liên quan đến bệnh CPV-2 trên chó bao gồm các phương pháp chẩn đoán cơ bản từ lâm sàng đến phòng thí nghiệm, cơ chế tác động của các thuốc và giới thiệu một số phác đồ điều trị trên thế giới. Bài viết đóng góp thông tin để các bác sĩ thú y, sinh viên chuyên ngành và các chủ vật nuôi tham khảo nhằm hạn chế đến mức thấp nhất tỷ lệ tử vong của chó bệnh do CPV-2.
Assessing some urinary system diseases and treatment efficacy in cats at some clinics in Ho Chi Minh City
This study was conducted on 480 cats to identify some risk factors and symptoms in cats with urinary tract diseases through image diagnosis, clinical and paraclinical examination methods and evaluate treatment effectiveness. The research results showed that the rate of cats with urinary diseases was 6.46%. Factors, such as: breed group, age, sex, type of food and amount of water used, all were related to the rate of cat's urinary diseases. The rate of urinary diseases in the exotic cats (9.96%) was higher than that of the indigenous cats (2.93%), in the female cats (9.95%) was higher than in the male cats (3.94%), cats over 5 years old had the highest rate of urinary disease (10.5%) and cats under 2 years old infected with the lowest rate of urinary disease (3.16%), cats ate seeds and dried food infected with the highest rate of urinary disease (61.29%) and cats ate rice and meat infected with lowest rate of urinary disease (16.13%), cats drank more water infected with lowest rate (16.13%) of urinary diseases in comparison with cats drank little water (83.87%). Clinical examination results showed that cats with urinary disease often had urinary retention (41.94%), bloody urine (19.35%), pale mucous membranes, vomiting, and fatigue (>35%). The tested result of blood physiology showed that white blood cell count increased (15/31), red blood cell count decreased (6/31), hemoglobin decreased (9/31), hematocrit decreased (13/31) and platelet count decreased (9/31). The treatment efficacy for cats with urinary disease were quite high (74.19%) and symptoms were reduced (19.35%).
Pathologiocal characteristics of feline urolithiasis and assessing treatment efficacy
This study was carried out with method of perfoming screening diagnosis by ultrasound and observing urine sediment on 48 cats with clinical manifestations of urinary tract infection, such as dysuria, urinary incontinence and cloudy or bloody urine. The studied results showed that there were 37 urolithiasis cases (STN) in cats at the age of more than 1.5 years old (accounting for 77.08%). In which, there were 2 cases of kidney stones (accounting for 5.4%), 14 cases of bladder stones (37.84%) and 21 cases of stones in both bladder and urethra (56.76%). Cats with urolithiasis often manifested symptoms, such as: urinary retention, change in position when urinating, difficulty urinating, urinary incontinence, blood in urine, decreased appetite or anorexia, pain and fever. Hematological parameters, such as: BUN, creatinine, WBC, NEU% increased clearly while (RBC) decreased slightly. The incidence of urolithiasis in cats gradually increased by the age. Male cats had higher incidence of urolitiasis than female cats. Urolithiasis cats could be treated effectively by either medical or surgical methods. However, surgical method showed better results.
Diagnosis of some diseases in digestive system of dogs by using X-ray techniques at VNPET Thai Nguyen veterinary clinic
Abdominal X-ray is often used in dogs and cats with signs of gastrointestinal diseases, such as gastrointestinal obstruction due to foreign objects, bowel obstruction, intussusception, etc. To improve the technique of diagnosing diseases on the dog's digestive system using X-ray methods, the research was conducted at VNPET Thai Nguyen Veterinary clinic on the dogs that were brought to clinic for examination and treatment when showing gastrointestinal diseases symptoms. The research results showed that: in 45 cases with digestive diseases that were indicated for X-ray, 31 cases were found to have the disease, accounting for 68.89%. Among them, constipation accounted for the highest rate (35.56%), followed by bloating (17.78%), foreign bodies in the stomach and intestines (11.11%), and the lowest rate was bowel obstruction and intussusception both (2.22%). Treatment effectiveness depended on the duration of the disease and the severity of the disease. Dogs with constipation, bloating, and intestinal obstruction achieved the highest treatment effectiveness (100%). Surgical treatment of intestinal and gastric foreign bodies in cases of early detection was also quite effective (60.00%), there was one case of intussusception due to late detection, the animal died after surgery
Prevalence of coxofemoral dislocation in dogs and applying femoral head and neck ostectomy in treatment at Newpet veterinary hospital,
The research project "Prevalence of coxofemoral dislocation in dogs and applying femoral head and neck ostectomy technique in treatment" was carried out at Newpet Veterinary Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City from December 2022 to December 2023, with the purpose of surveying cases of coxofemoral dislocation in dogs and evaluating the treatment effectiveness of femoral head and neck ostectomy. The studied result recorded that there were 32 cases of dogs with coxofemoral dislocations with 35 dislocated joints out of 2,436 surveyed dogs, accounting for 1.13%. Dogs with coxofemoral dislocation commonly met in the adult dog group and accounting for the highest rate at age group from 6 months old to 3 years old. Small dog breeds weighing less than 9kg were more susceptible to dislocation than larger and heavier dog breeds. Most of the dogs had craniodorsal unilateral dislocation; and the most common causes of hip dislocation were by traffic accidents and falls from height, respectively. The study also applied the surgical technique of femoral head and neck ostectomy on 19 dogs with coxofemoral dislocation. The surgical results showed that animals were suffered with pain after surgery and were required to use painkillers continuously. The average recovery time for animals was 58.07 ±11.53 days after surgery with post-operative complications included loss of muscle mass, shortening of the surgical leg and reduced joint range of motion. Clinical evaluation showed that only 54% of animals met the requirements for locomotion recovery after surgery. However, 100% of the surveyed owners commented that they were satisfied with the results of surgical method, thanks to that it helped animals reducing pain and improving their quality of life.
Changes in some blood hematological and biochemical indicators in diarrhea dogs treated at the veterinary clinic, Can Tho city
The study was conducted from April to June 2023 to evaluate the prevalence of diarrhea disease and determine blood physiological and biochemical changes in dogs with diarrhea at the veterinary clinic, Can Tho city. Out of a total of 145 dogs examined, there were 48 dogs suffered with diarrhea, accounting for 33.10%. The research results showed that the infection rate of dogs did not depend on age, breed, or gender. The infection rate of dogs with diarrhea at over 1 year old and under 1 year old were 32.73% and 20.69%, respectively. The infection rate of indigenous dog breeds and exotic dog breeds with diarrhea was 36.08%, and 27.08%, respectively. The infection rate of male and female dogs with diarrhea was 34.09% and 31.57%, respectively. In the diarrhea dogs, some blood physiological and biochemical parameters were changed. The tested result of blood physiological indexes in the diarrhea dogs indicated that the number of platelets increased over 70.00% of disease cases, but white blood cells increased only 25.00% in the diarrhea dogs. Blood biochemical indexes mainly showed an increase in AST and BUN above 35.00% in the diarhea dogs. Dogs with diarrhea treated for 5 days showed result of recovery.
Study on antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from dogs at veterinary clinics in Ho Chi Minh City
This study was conducted to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance of the isolated Staphylococcus aureus from dogs by disk diffusion method with 14 tested antibiotics according to CLSI guidelines. The studied results showed that the infection rate of samples with S. aureus was 40/48 (83.33%) isolated and identified. The bacterial strains resisted to several antimicrobial groups, of which they were strongly resistant to β-lactams group, such as: penicillin (95%), ampicillin (87.5%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (55%), ceftriaxone (32.5%). Even though oxacillin was not used in veterinary medicine, the tested result revealed that the resistant ratio of the isolated S. aureus strains to this antibiotic was 25% and the intermediate resistant ratio was 5%. The resistant rate of S. aureus strains was also high to gentamicin (40%), tetracycline (32.5%), and ciprofloxacin (35%). The rate of bacteria were developing high resistant characteristics to the commonly used antibiotics revealed by the high intermediate susceptible ratio (17.5 – 40%). Most of the isolates were multi-resistant phenotype (82.5%), resistance to 7 or more antibiotics
Study on antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli isolated from dog feces at veterinary clinics in Ho Chi Minh City
This study was conducted to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolated from the fecal samples of dogs at veterinary clinics in Ho Chi Minh City. The disk diffusion method was used to evaluate the susceptibility of 40 E. coli strains to 12 tested antibiotics according to CLSI guidelines (2021). The studied results showed that from the total of 47 stool samples, 40 E. coli strains were isolated and identified, accounting for 85.1%. E.coli isolates were most susceptible with imipenem, meropenem, and amikacin (>70%); with cefepime, gentamicin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, the susceptibility was under 50%. The isolates were susceptible with tetracycline was low (5%), amoxicillin-clavulanate and doxycycline (2.5%) but was not susceptible with chloramphenicol. Most of the isolates were multi-resistant phenotypes (97.5%).
Determining esophageal worm species caused disease in dogs in Viet Nam by molecular biology method
In order to identify accurately the esophageal parasite worm species in the farmed dogs in Viet Nam, a study on this topic was conducted in 2020 - 2022. The studied results showed that the esophageal parasite worm species in dogs in Dien Bien province belonged to the genus Spirocerca, species Spirocerca lupi Rudolphi, 1809. In this paper, for the first time, Spirocerca lupi parasitic worms in Viet Nam was identified by molecular biology methods, through sequence analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (CO1) and comparison with sequencing results of this gene published on GenBank. As a result, the mitochondrial genomic DNA sequence of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (CO1) of Spirocerca lupi esophageal worms was identified with the length was about 500 bp. The similarity level of sequences of Spirocerca CO1 gene collected in Dien Bien was 100% on genetics and having evolutionary relations was similar to the CO1 gene sequences of Spirocerca lupi in China and Israel.
The prevalence, genetic characteristics and treatment efficiency of intracellular parasitic disease caused by Ehrlichia canis in dogs in Ben Tre province
Intracellular parasitic disease caused by Ehrlichia canis is common and has a significant impact to the health and mortality of dogs. The objective of this research was to determine the prevalence, genetic characteristics, and treatment efficacy for E. canis in dogs in Ben Tre province. The result of study using blood smear staining method showed that the percentage of dogs infected with E. canis in Ben Tre province, out of the total surveyed cases and suspected cases, was 11.32% and 45.65%, respectively. The infection rate of dog was not depend on gender, age, or rearing method. PCR test results indicated that all 5 samples collecting in Ben Tre province were positive with E. canis. Comparing the similarity level of gene sequence and amino acid sequence of 16S rRNA gene in 5 E. canis infected samples in Ben Tre province with E. canis strains in the region and in the world showed that although there were differences in gene sequence, but the similarity of amino acid sequence was very high, these E. canis strains belonged to the same branch with the E. canis strains in India and in Thailand. The recovery dog rate from E. canis was 82.86%, the non-recovery rate was 14.29%, and the mortality rate was 2.85%.
Hoạt động Hội chăn nuôi thú y Tỉnh Thừa Thiên Huế 6 tháng đầu năm 2024
Tình hình kiểm dịch động vật, sản phẩm động vật và quản lý thuốc thú y 6 tháng đầu năm 2024
Báo cáo tại Hội nghị Sơ kết 6 tháng đầu năm 2024, ngày 11 tháng 7 năm 2024 của Cục Thú y tại Hà Nội
Các bệnh do virus lây từ động vật sang người mới nổi và tái nổi ở Đông Nam Á: Sự cần thiết của chiến lược một sức khỏe
Những thay đổi đáng kể về xã hội, môi trường và kinh tế đang diễn ra ở Đông Nam Á (SEA) khiến khu vực này trở nên dễ bị ảnh hưởng tiêu cực trước sự xuất hiện và tái xuất hiện của các bệnh virus lây truyền từ động vật sang người. Trong thế kỷ trước, SEA đã phải đối mặt với nhiều đợt bùng phát virus lớn với tác động nghiêm trọng đến sức khỏe cộng đồng và kinh tế, bao gồm Hội chứng hô hấp cấp tính nặng do virus Corona 2 (SARS-CoV-2), arbovirus, cúm gia cầm độc lực cao (H5N1), và Hội chứng hô hấp cấp tính nặng do SARS-CoV 1. Đến nay, khu vực này vẫn ghi nhận các trường hợp nhập cảnh mắc Hội chứng hô hấp Trung Đông do virus Corona (MERS-CoV). Với những kinh nghiệm gần đây trong việc xử lý các bệnh lây truyền từ động vật sang người mới nổi, cần phải tăng cường nỗ lực để thực hiện chiến lược “Một Sức Khỏe” hiệu quả hơn trong khu vực. Chiến lược này nhằm tăng cường tương tác giữa con người, động vật, thực vật và môi trường để ngăn ngừa, phát hiện và ứng phó tốt hơn với các mối đe dọa sức khỏe, đồng thời thúc đẩy sự phát triển bền vững. Bài viết này cung cấp một cái nhìn tổng quan về các bệnh virus lây truyền từ động vật sang người mới nổi và tái nổi quan trọng ở Đông Nam Á. Đánh giá tập trung vào các nguyên nhân chính gây ra tình trạng khẩn cấp, tình hình dịch tễ học từ tháng 1 năm 2000 đến tháng 10 năm 2022, và tầm quan trọng của chiến lược “Một sức khỏe” trong việc cải thiện các biện pháp can thiệp.
Situation of red mite infection in free range podydactyl chickens raised at Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry, using cymbopogon and eupatorium fortunei extract for treatment
The result of testing 350 polydactyl chickens raised at Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry showed that there were 102 chickens (accounting for 29.14%) infected with red mites; the infected chickens mainly had <5 red mite nests per chicken (70.59%). Chickens under 3 months old had the lowest rate of red mite infection (20.00%), while chickens over 6 months of age had the highest infection rate (36.51%). Chickens raised in the months from January to June were infected with 32.78%, chickens raised in the months from July to December were infected with 25.29%. Male and female chickens did not affect the rate of red mite infection. The result of testing different types of herbal extracts with different concentrations showed that mangrove extracts with concentration 3 (70 grams of watered mangroves + 500 ml of water, boiled until 300 ml remained) was effective in killing red mites on chickens, with 100% of disease-free chickens.
Molecular biology detection and identification for blood protozoan (Theileria spp.) in ruminants (cattle, bufalo, goat) and horse in Northern Viet Nam
Protozoan in the genus Theileria are tick-borne parasites that have been found in a range of mammal animals. In Viet Nam, 3 species of Theileria have been reported. From June 2022 to May 2023, 2,400 EDTA blood samples were collected from ruminants (buffalo, cattle, and goat), and horse in 3 provinces in Northern Viet Nam, these samples were studied by molecular biology method for detecting and identifying Theileria spp. and their species components. Methods of nPCR and the Sanger sequencing of the 18S rDNA gene, following the sequencing analysis were applied. The studied results showed that all 4 animal types: buffalo, cattle, goat and horse were infected with Theileria spp. at a moderate prevalence (15.4%; 95%CI: 14.0-16.9). The infection rate of cattle with Theileria spp was highest (19.7%; 95%CI: 16.6-22.7), and the infection rate of goat with Theileria spp. was lowest (7.7%; 95%CI: 5.5-9.8). Results of the18S rDNA gene sequencing and analysis demonstrated that there were 5 species of Theileria, consisting of T. annulata, T. orientalis, T. buffeli, T. verlifera and T. equi, they infected in ruminants and horses in Northern Viet Nam. Of which, for the first time 3 species of T. buffeli, T. verlifera and T. equi were identified by molecular biology method and reported in Viet Nam, increasing the number of Theileria species occurring in Viet Nam from 3 to 6 species.
Study on some biological characteristics of Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria isolated from tilapia raised in Northern provinces
The result of studying and isolating hemorrhagic disease-causing bacteria from 750 tilapia samples suspected of being infected with this disease in 5 Northern provinces showed that the rate of tilapia samples infected with A. hydrophila bacteria was 19.47% (146/750 samples). The highest infection rate was in the fish samples collected from Quang Ninh province (21.19%); followed by in the fish samples collected from Hai Duong (20.78%) and the lowest rate was in the fish samples collected from Ha Noi City (16.11%). The biochemical characteristics were determined in all the isolated A. hydrophila strains (146/146). As a result, the biochemical characteristics of these isolated A. hydrophila strains were fully similar with the biological characteristics of the reference A. hydrophila strain - ATCC® 7966. The result of determining 14 virulence genes on 50 isolated A. hydrophila strains showed that 33/50 (66.0%) strains carried the ahh gene; followed by the the rate of strains carried ahpB, lip, aerA genes with 46%, 42% and 40%, respectively. There was no strain carried the asa1, hlyA genes.There were 8/10 tested strains capable of causing death in the experimental fish, of which strain AhTN15 caused the highest mortality rate (63.33%) and strain AhBG32 caused the lowest mortality rate (33.33%).
Determining bacterial pathogens in striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) caused hemorrhagic muscle rotting disease
The study was carried out to learn about the bacterial pathogen in striped catfish (Pagasianodon hypophthalmus) in order to provide information for effective diagnosis, prevention and treatment of this bacterial species caused diseases on striped catfish. A total of 127 striped catfish samples were collected in Dong Thap province from 1/2023 to 7/2023, of which there were 97 diseased fish samples and 30 healthy fish samples. The individual average weight of diseased fish samples was about 584.8g/fish and an average length was about 32.3cm/fish. Striped catfish with hemorrhagic flesh-rotting disease had typical pathological signs, such as: the muscle tissue at the site of the skin peeling were often swollen, soft, necrotic and putrefied. The liver, kidneys and spleen hemorrhage were soft, and the abdominal cavity contained red fluid. Results of bacterial isolation from 97 diseased fish samples obtained 82 bacterial strains. Bacterial strains isolated from necrotic muscles accounted for 22.0%, up to 30.5% and 32.9% of bacterial strains isolated from liver and kidney, respectively. The results of bacterial identification showed that the bacterial strains isolated from hemorrhagic flesh-rotting diseased striped catfishs were Aeromonas dhakensis. In this study, the A. dhakensis strains were sensitive to doxycycline, colistin, flumequine (76%), levofloxacin (72%), rifampin and norfloxacin (60%).
Isolation and antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli isolated from dairy cows in Gia Lam district, Ha Noi City
This study was conducted to investigate hygiene practices and antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolated from the dairy cows in household farms in Gia Lam district, Ha Noi City. The rectal swab samples were collected from cows in 82 dairy cow household farms, and information on livestock and hygiene practices was collected through the questionnaire from May to September 2023. E. coli was isolated and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility to 12 antimicrobial agents, using disc diffusion method. The studied results showed that 100% of households used water only for cleaning the barns, and 42.68% of households applied waste treatment measures. In addition, farmers did not use sufficiently protective equipments during working, and a large number of farmers treated the diseases for cows on their own farms. Out of 75 isolated E. coli strains, there were 18 isolates resistant to at least one antimicrobial (accounting for 24%), with 15 resistant pattens and 9 multidrug resistance strains were observed. The highest rate of E. coli strains resisted to ampicillin was 17.33%, followed by chloramphenicol (10.67%), tetracycline (10.67%), streptomycin (9.33%) and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (8.0%).
Presence of parainfluenza-3 and caprine arthritis-encephalitis viruses in the respiratory tract of goats in Can Tho city
The study was conducted from January 2024 to June 2024 to determine the presence of parainfluenza-3 (PI-3) and caprine arthritis-encephalitis (CAEV) viruses in the respiratory tract of goats in small-scale farms in Can Tho city. A total of 91 pooled nasal samples from 456 meat and dairy goats of all ages and health conditions were collected in this study. Viral RNA in nasal fluids was extracted using the Isolate RNA Mini kit, and RT-PCR was performed with two pairs of specific primers to determine the presence of the virus. The survey results showed that the PI-3 (16.48%) was more prevalent than CAEV (4.40%) in the respiratory tract of goats, and there was one sample co infected with PI-3 and CAEV. The analysis results also showed that PI-3 was present in meat goats (22.58%) higher than in dairy goats (3.45%), in goats with respiratory symptoms (25.58%) higher than in healthy goats (8.33%), and there was no difference between goats under 6 months of age and over 6 months of age. CAEV was only detected in meat goats (6.45%) and under 6 months of age (11.11%), but there was no difference between goats with respiratory symptoms (2.33%) and healthy goats (6.25%). Therefore, it is necessary to control the presence of these severe respiratory virus strains in goats raised in these farms in Can Tho city
Research on creating antibodies (IgY) against tembusu virus causing egg laying reduction syndrome in ducks
The objective of this study aimed to produce specific egg yolk antibodies (IgY) to tembusu virus from the immunized hens by the rute of injecting TMUV strains isolated from the field. Virus strain TMUV REP.V1.01.22 with a 50% lethal dose for duck embryos (ELD50 ) was 10-5.32 when it was completely inactivated by binary ethylenimine (BEI) 0.2%, at a temperature of 370C for 24 hours. Twenty-week old ISA brown breed hens were used to induce immunity and collect eggs that produced antibodies with high titers when injecting inactivated antigen: TMUV- REP.V1.01.22 with a dose of 100 ELD50 , repeated 3 times, each time 2 weeks apart, the hens gave the highest TMUV antibody titer (9.89 log2), lasting and stable. The average IgY antibody titer in egg yolks was collected from the immunized hens, after purification, reached 7.63 log2 . Egg yolk IgY antibodies against Tembusu virus open up opportunities in the prevention and control of Tembusu disease in ducks.
Tình hình dịch bệnh trên động vật 6 tháng đầu năm 2024
(Trích báo cáo tại Hội nghị Sơ kết 6 tháng đầu năm 2024, ngày 11 tháng 7 năm 2024 của Cục Thú y tại Hà Nội
Một số thông tin liên quan đến việc chuẩn bị cho hội nghị cấp cao về kháng kháng sinh năm 2024
Hội nghị cấp cao đầu tiên của Đại hội đồng Liên hiệp quốc (UNGA) về kháng kháng sinh (AMR) đã được tổ chức vào tháng 9/2016, đánh dấu một cột mốc quan trọng trong cam kết toàn cầu về giải quyết AMR, nhằm kêu gọi những hành động khẩn cấp mạnh mẽ hơn để ứng phó với AMR. Tiếp đó, đối thoại tương tác cấp cao về AMR đã được tổ chức tại Đại hội đồng vào tháng 4/2021.
Effects of supplementing Perilla frutescens leaf essential oil into semen extender on the chicken sperm quality in cold storage
Oxidative stress is a significant challenge during the period of chicken sperm cold storage. Study on supplementing Perilla frutescens leaf essential oil into semen extender was conducted aimed at maintaining and stabilizing chicken sperm quality during the period of cold storage. Sperm quality was evaluated through various parameters, such as: sperm motility, survival rate, membrane integrity and resistance to lipid peroxidation during cold storage. The studied results indicated that the quality of chicken sperm was improved when adding Perilla frutescens essential oil into semen extender at concentrations ranging from low to 1.5 µg/ml, and sperm quality gradually decreased when Perilla frutescens essential oil was added into semen extender with concentration higher than 1.5 µg/ml. Particularly, supplementing Perilla frutescens essential oil with concentration of 1.5 µg/ml into semen extender has given the highest sperm quality in terms of forward motility, viability, membrane integrity, and resistance to lipid peroxidation over 21-days of cold storage in comparison with the control (P<0.05). In conclusion, the influence of Perilla frutescens essential oil on the quality of chicken sperm in cold storage depends on the essential oil concentration, and the optimal concentration adding into semen extender throughout the chicken sperm cold storage period was 1.5 µg/ml
Effectiveness of adding herbal mixture to the diet in reducing odor pollution in broder chicken production
The study was conducted from June 2022 to November 2023 on F1 (Dong Tao x Luong Phuong) hybrid broiler chickens from 8-12 weeks of age to evaluate the effectiveness of mixed herb supplementation including monophylum, cinnamon, anise and Pseuderanthemum latifolium into the diet to reduce NH3 and H2 S emissions in broiler chicken farm. The study was conducted using the comparative plot method at poultry farm, experimental setup included: 1 control plot (DC) – without supplementing herbal mixture, 3 experimental plots (CT1, CT2, CT3) - supplementing 1%, 1.5%, 2% herbal mixture, respec tively into diet for chickens, and 2 replicates. The studied result showed that supplementing herbs into the diet effected in reducing NH3 and H2 S emissions from chicken manurer. After 14 days, the amount of NH3 emitted from chicken manure in the CT1, 2, 3 reduced compared to the start time point of experiment, and the amount of NH3 in the CT3 reduced higher compared to the DC, CT1 and CT2. After 28 days, the amount of NH3 in the CT3 reduced much higher compared to the DC, CT1 and CT2 with 75%, 50% and 33.3%, respectively. Similarly, mixed herb supplementation was effective in reducing H2S emissions from chicken manure in the CT1, 2, 3 compared to the DC after 14 days of treatment, and the efficacy in reducing H2 S emissions in the CT1, 2, 3 was not different. After 28 days, the amount of H2 S emitted from chicken manure in the CT1, 2 and 3 redued 77.6%, 88.2% and 87.1%, respectively in comparison with the start time point of experiment.
Coccidiosis in chickens in Phu Ninh district, Phu Tho province and treatment- preventive measures
The result of testing 1,000 fecal samples from chickens raising in four communes in Phu Ninh district, Phu Tho province showed that there were 519/1,000 positive samples with coccidiosis, accounting for 51.90%, the prevalence varied from 42.40% to 63.20%, the highest prevalence was found in Gia Thanh commune (63.20%). There were 17.72% of the chickens infected with a very severe intensity. The prevalence of coccidiosis in chickens gradually increased until 3 months of age and then gradually decreased at higher ages. The chickens at ages between one and three months old were infected with coccidiosis with the highest rate, accounting for 69.60%. The chickens raised in the free-range and semi-free-range methods were infected with coccidiosis with the higher rate in comparison with the chickens raised in captive method (64.00% and 51.14%, compared to 42.29%). The infection rate of chickens raised in the summer were higher than in other seasons of the year. When chickens were infected with coccidiosis, they exhibited the following symptoms: lethargy, poor movement, ruffled feathers, loose wings, waxy droppings, coffee droppings, sometimes mixed with fresh blood, skinny, stop eating or eat little, fever, drink lots of water, wet cloaca. The treatment efficacy by the two regimens for coccidiosis chickens ranged from 88.33 to 93.33% of recover.
Some epidemiological characteristics of the disease caused by Gastrointestinal nematodes in free-range chicken in Thai Nguyen province
Autopsy results of 200 free-range chickens across four districts and cities in Thai Nguyen province revealed that there were 39% of the chickens were infected with Gastrointestinal nematodes, with prevalence rates varying by localities (28% to 50%). There were 44.87% of chickens infected with roundworm with intensity equal and exceeding 11 roundworms per chicken. Five nematode species were found parasitizing in the chicken digestive tract, with prevalence rates ranging from 50.0% to 100%. Of which, there were 4 roundworm species, such as: Ascaridia galli, Heterakis gallinarum, Heterakis beramporia, and Capillaria obsignata appeared in all localities, while Tetrameres mohtedai appeared in 50% of the surveyed localities. Additionally, there were 43.59% of chickens infected with one nematode species, 34.62% infected with two species, 16.67% infected with three species, and 5.13% infected with four or more roundworm species. The symptoms of the infected chickens included anemia, fatigue, poor appetite, emaciation, ruffled feathers, digestive disorders, and thickened gastrointestinal mucosa, accompanied by hemorrhagic, congestive, or bleeding spots.
Infection rate and clinical pathology of disease caused by Trichomonas gallinae in chickens in Khanh Hoa province
The study was conducted to determine the infection rate of chickens with T. gallinae in Khanh Hoa province using Ziehl Neelsen staining method. A total of 1,095 chicken samples were collected in Dien Khanh, Khanh Vinh, Cam Ranh and Ninh Hoa districts for testing T. gallinae. The tested results showed that there were 248/1,095 positive samples, accounting for 22.6%. Chickens were infected with the protozoan (T. gallinae), having the typical clinical symptoms, such as: anorexia, ruffled feathers, dysphagia, dyspnoea and diarrhea. The gross lesions of diseased chickens were characterized by white to yellow caseous masses, together with inflammatory ulcerated oral cavities and digestive tracts; raised caseous accumulations in the throat. This studied results indicate that further research/surveys need to be carried out in other provinces and on many poultry subjects in order to assess properly the epidemiology of this disease.