Studying Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense wilt disease on Cavendish banana in Trang Bom district, Dong Nai province

Abstract

Cavendish bananas (Musa spp.) are a high-value agricultural crop for people in the Trang Bom district of Dong Nai province (before). From 2019 to the present, the area of intensive banana cultivation has expanded, posing a potential risk of spreading the Fusarium wilt disease, decreasing productivity. Cavendish Fusarium wilt (yellow) was considered one of the most destructive diseases of bananas. By morphological and biological description combined with sequencing of the ITS gene region, the causative agent of Cavendish banana Fusarium wilt disease was identified as Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc). A survey of the biological characteristics of Foc shows that the mushroom was grown optimally on a PDA medium at temperatures ranging from 25 to 30^oC, pH 6 to 7, producing the highest spores (microspores and macrospores) with 2.0x108 spores/ml. Disease infection on tissue-cultured Cavendish banana plants results show that inoculating spore suspension with 108 spores/ml into tissue-cultured bananas at a dose of 15 ml/1 kg of substrate is the method of infection that produces a fast infection with recognisable symptoms. The yellow wilted leaves scored 1-3 with a rate of 50-75%, and discolouration inside the tuber scored 4-5 with a rate of 50-90%
(after 20-30 days of inoculation) was shown on both the outside of the plant and inside the tuber and banana roots.