Căn nguyên vi khuẩn trong dịch tỵ hầu ở bệnh nhân viêm phổi thùy tại Bệnh viện Nhi Trung ương từ tháng 3/2023 đến tháng 2/2024

Abstract

Lobar pneumonia is a severe and rapid-onset pulmonary disease in children. Identifying bacterial pathogens by taking samples at the lesion site is challenging. This study aims to investigate bacterial pathogens in nasopharyngeal samples from children with lobar pneumonia, to determine co-infection rates and risk factors for typical bacterial coinfection caused by M. pneumoniae. The results showed that the positive rate in children was 555/835 (66.5%) using the multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on nasopharyngeal samples, with Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae accounting for 32.1, 28.1, and 21.9%, respectively. However, the positive rate of nasopharyngeal culture was only 272/835 (32.6%), with H. influenzae (17.5%), M. catarrhalis (7.9%), and S. pneumoniae (7.4%). These findings suggest that multiplex real-time PCR has over 80% sensitivity and specificity compared to culture. M. pneumoniae was detected in 223/835 cases (26.7%), mainly in children aged 2-5 years. The rate of typical bacterial co-infection was 39/223 (17.5%). There was no difference between mono-infection and co-infection groups in children with lobar pneumonia caused by M. pneumoniae concerning demographic and
clinical characteristics.