Đặc điểm địa chất - địa mạo và tiềm năng di sản khối kart Bắc Sơn (Đông Bắc Việt Nam)

Abstract

The Bac Son Kart Block is located in the central region of Northeastern Vietnam, extending in a northeast-southwest direction. It has an average length of about 60 km, a width of 50 km, a total area of approximately 1,500 km² and an average elevation of 400 - 500 m. Its boundaries primarily follow large rivers and fault lines. The Bac Son Kart Block mainly comprises limestone belonging to the Bac Son formation (C-Pbs) and several other formations. In tropical, hot, humid, and rainy conditions, the Bac Son Kart Block exhibits varying levels of kartification. The Bac Son Kart Block features both positive kart landforms (such as towers, cones, and kart ranges) and negative kart landforms (including kart valleys, kart sinkholes, and kart fields). Additionally, it hosts a system of kart caves primarily distributed along the boundaries of the Bac Son formation (C-Pbs), wide tectonic valleys, and linear zones. Assessing the geological heritage potential of the Bac Son Kart Block in Northeastern Vietnam serves as a foundation for selecting economic and social development models aimed at sustainable development, rational resource use, nature conservation, environmental protection, effective disaster response, and climate change adaptation. This approach can also provide new livelihood opportunities for local communities. This study aims to evaluate the geological and geomorphological characteristics and the heritage potential of the Bac Son Kart Block in Northeastern Vietnam. The research employs three primary methods: Collection and synthesis of geological and kartological data in the study area (Bac Son Kart Block, Northeastern Vietnam). Traditional methods and techniques of natural sciences, particularly geological-geomorphological and kartological investigations and research techniques. Specialized methods in resource management and conservation, especially those related to geological heritage. The study has clarified the structural and geological characteristics of the Bac Son Kart Block, its geomorphological features (negative and positive kart landforms), and its geological heritage potential.