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Investigation of sectional capacities of cold-formed steel columns considering the strain hardening

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.66195/mtu.2025.12.059

The current guidelines for cold-formed steel structures rely on a simplified view of the material’s plastic behavior. In reality, the stress-strain response is more complex due to strain hardening from the cold-forming process. Strain hardening refers to the increase in strength beyond the yield point caused by plastic deformation during this process. As a result, existing standards tend to underestimate the actual strength of cold-formed steel sections. This paper presents a new design approach called the Continuous Strength Method, which incorporates the effects of strain hardening in the design of cold-formed steel sections under compression. The paper includes examples of designing cold-formed steel rectangular sections and examines their capacities relative to various material properties, comparing these findings to strength predictions specified in the Eurocode.