Study on the urban heat island phebomenon in the craft village area in Bac Ninh, Vietnam

Abstract

This study uses Landsat-9 satellite imagery data to analyze the Urban Heat Island (UHI) phenomenon
in the craft village area of Bac Ninh, Vietnam. This area is experiencing severe pollution caused by human
activities such as dust, water pollution, emissions, and high temperatures. The calculation of Land Surface
Temperature (LST) from Landsat-9 proves useful for observing surface temperatures in the study area. LST is
processed to determine the extent and scope of the urban heat island, while the study also classifies land cover
based on indices such as the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Built
up Index (NDBI), and Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI). Based on these results, the study has shown
a significant surface temperature difference of up to 10.2°C between areas with abundant greenery and
densely populated areas with houses, especially in production zones that are still concentrated or mixed with
residential areas. In comparison, the temperature difference with other areas is 5.8°C. The research findings
could provide valuable information on the impact of the UHI effect in the craft village area of Bac Ninh,
Vietnam.