Neo-sensualism Theory and the Poetics of Yasunari Kawabata’s Very Short Stories
The “Palm-of-the-Hand Stories” (掌の小説, Tenohira no Shōsetsu) by Yasunari Kawabata represent a unique phenomenon in modern Japanese literature, combining formal experimentation with a refined aesthetic of sensation. This study approaches Kawabata’s ultra-short stories through the lens of Neo-sensualism (Shinkankakuha) — an avant-garde literary movement in Japan during the 1920s that emphasizes direct, irrational, and fragmented perception. Based on an analysis of the genre’s concept, historical formation, and artistic poetics, the paper identifies the philosophical foundations and aesthetic principles of Neo-sensualism as reflected in Kawabata’s works. The author situates Kawabata’s creative style within the interrelation between Neo-sensualist aesthetics and the symbolic structure of modern emotional expression. Accordingly, the study highlights how Kawabata transforms the extreme brevity of the ultra-short story into a poetic form of sensation, where minimal language evokes profound emotional and visual resonance. This perspective contributes to a deeper understanding of Kawabata’s “Palm-of-the-Hand Stories” as a convergence of Japanese traditional aesthetics and Western modernist sensibility, forming a distinct poetics of emotion and perception in modern Japanese prose.
Factors Affecting the Quality of Ho Chi Minh Cultural Space in Ho Chi Minh City
Building the Ho Chi Minh cultural space is an important policy identified in the Resolution of the 11th Congress of the Ho Chi Minh City Party Committee for the 2020–2025 term. To date, thousands of Ho Chi Minh cultural spaces have been established and operated across the city, with varying scales and quality. However, scientific research on the factors affecting the quality of these cultural spaces remains quite limited. With the aim of exploring the factors that influence the quality of the Ho Chi Minh cultural space, the research team conducted a survey of various respondents from diverse sectors in Ho Chi Minh city, including political institutions, public service units, enterprises, residential communities, and religious establishments. The results indicate that Facilities, Content and Activities, Interaction and Participation, and Educational Impact are four key factors influencing the quality of the Ho Chi Minh cultural space. Among these, strategic priority should be placed on strongly enhancing community interaction and participation, alongside upgrading facilities, improving educational effectiveness, and continuously innovating the content of activities.
The Impact of Customer Satisfaction on Customer Loyalty in Bus Services in Da Nang City
This study was conducted to evaluate the factors influencing customer satisfaction with bus services, including the tangible characteristics of the vehicle, the quality of the service staff, empathy, and trust, and the impact of satisfaction on customer loyalty in Da Nang city. A combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods was employed, and the SmartPLS 4.0 software was used to analyze 214 samples from collected survey questionnaires. The results of the partial least square structural equation model (PLS-SEM) showed that the factors of tangible characteristics (β = 0.325), service quality (β = 0.294), empathy (β = 0.18), and trust (β = 0.247) all influence customer satisfaction. Simultaneously, satisfaction positively impacts customer loyalty (β = 0.721) of bus users in Da Nang city. The study suggests important managerial implications for improving customer satisfaction and loyalty, and for maintaining and attracting more bus users in the future.
Human Capital Status of Tho Ethnic Households in Relation to Poverty Escape in Thanh Hoa Province, Vietnam
This paper examines the state of human capital and proposes solutions to enhance it, thereby improving the poverty alleviation capacity of Tho ethnic households in Thanh Hoa province. Based on a mixed-method approach, combining a quantitative survey of 200 families and qualitative in-depth interviews, the study reveals that the poverty escape capacity of the Tho people is strongly associated with factors related to human capital, including the quantity and quality of labor, educational attainment, health status, and production and business skills. The results indicate a significant difference in these indicators between poor households and those that have escaped poverty. Key barriers identified include low educational levels (with a significant portion of household heads having only completed lower secondary school or less), a lack of production experience, limited access to health services, and a weak capacity to access and utilize capital. Based on this analysis, the paper proposes several solutions to enhance human capital, such as improving the quality of education and vocational training, strengthening healthcare, and innovating communication strategies to change mindsets and foster people's internal strength.
Recent Advances in Breast Cancer Vaccine Research
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women and remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Although advances in diagnosis and treatment have contributed to improved prognoses, recurrence and therapeutic resistance remain prevalent, particularly in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). In this context, cancer vaccines have emerged as a promising immunotherapeutic strategy, aiming to elicit tumor-specific immune responses against malignant cells. This article provides a systematic overview of vaccine platforms currently under investigation for breast cancer. Recent breakthroughs—including mRNA/saRNA technologies, lipid nanoparticle (LNP) delivery systems, and artificial intelligence for epitope prediction—have ushered in a new era of vaccine design and personalization. Preclinical and phase I–II clinical data have demonstrated robust immunogenicity and favorable safety profiles, especially when used in combination with other immunotherapies. However, several barriers remain to be addressed, including the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), molecular heterogeneity, limitations in delivery platforms, and challenges in clinical trial design.
Study on the Anticancer Effects of the Indazole C7 Derivative in Hypopharyngeal Cancer Cells
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1) is a heme-containing enzyme mainly responsible for the metabolism of tryptophan to kynurenine. Due to its immunosuppressive function, the inhibitors of IDO1 have been intensively developed for the re-activation of anti-cancer immune response. Based on the well-known structure of IDO1 active site and a crucial role of indazole moiety for IDO1 inhibition activity, we synthesized a novel group of designed indazole-containing IDO1 inhibitors. In vitro experiments demonstrated that among this group of derivatives, compound C7 possesses potential inhibitory effects on cancer cell growth. In the present study, we elucidated the anticancer mechanisms of compound C7 on hypopharyngeal cancer. The results showed that C7 expressed cytotoxic effects on hypopharyngeal cancer cells FaDu while human dental pulp stem cells HDPSC and breast cancer cells MCF7 were tolerant to C7 treatment. At the molecular level, C7 inhibited FaDu cell proliferation by suppressing the expression of Cyclins and Cyclin-dependent kinases (cdk), which are key regulators of cell cycle progression. At higher concentrations, C7 induced irreversible DNA damage, leading to the activation of programmed cell death. In addition, C7 significantly inhibited migration, and invasion of FaDu cells. Collectively, these findings indicate that compound C7 is a promising IDO1 inhibitor and exhibits potent antitumor activity on hypopharyngeal cancer
Analysis of Antibiotic Utilization at Son Tra District Health Center in 2024
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a global challenge, particularly severe in developing countries due to antibiotic overuse and irrational use. Vietnam has implemented a national action plan to combat AMR, focusing on hospital antibiotic surveillance. This effort aims to optimize treatment outcomes, reduce healthcare costs, and improve the quality of care. However, at Son Tra District Health Center – a level II healthcare facility (before administrative merger) in Da Nang – no specific assessment has been conducted per Ministry of Health (MoH) criteria, despite the antibiotic consumption rate reaching 29.18% in 2024. The objective was to analyze the structure and level of antibiotic consumption at this center in 2024 according to the criteria of the Ministry of Health and the World Health Organization (WHO). A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted using retrospective data from the hospital management software, including the list of pharmaceuticals and antibiotic consumption; data were processed and analyzed using Microsoft Excel. Results showed a total of 83 antibiotic items accounted for 29.18% of the total drug expenditure. The beta-lactam group represented 94.31% of antibiotic use, and domestic drugs accounted for 91.81%. The Defined Daily Dose per 100 bed-days (DDD/100 bed-days) was 190.1 (inpatients: 7.83%; outpatients: 2.04%). ABC/VEN analysis indicated that management efforts were concentrated on essential and vital medicines. Antibiotic use at the primary healthcare level was found to be rational, cost-effective, and safe, consistent with the local disease pattern. The results provide practical evidence to maintain the prioritization of domestic pharmaceuticals, strengthen control over beta-lactam antibiotic use, and expand periodic DDD-based surveillance. These actions contribute to the effective implementation of the National Action Plan on Combating Antimicrobial Resistance (issued under Decision No. 3465/QD-BYT).
Analysis of Drug Supply Activities at Song Hinh District Medical Center in 2024
Objectives: To analyze the current drug supply situation at Song Hinh district health center in 2024. Subjects and methods: The study was conducted using a retrospective descriptive design, focusing on the activities implemented and data related to drug supply at the Pharmacy department, Finance – Accounting department, Planning - Professional Affairs department, and Administration - Organization department of Song Hinh district health center. Results: In 2024, Song Hinh district medical center (SHDMC) developed a drug list consisting of 189 items, divided into 23 pharmacological groups, corresponding to the local disease patterns. Among these, antiparasitic and anti-infective drugs accounted for the highest proportion of items in the list, reaching 18.52%, accurately reflecting the common treatment needs. Domestically produced drugs dominated, representing 95.62% of the total value of procured drugs, demonstrating compliance with the policy of prioritizing the use of domestic pharmaceuticals. The selection and supply of essential medicines (V and E), classified according to the ABC-VEN system, were emphasized, with budget allocations focused on high-priority groups (A, B, C), contributing to the efficient use of financial resources for pharmaceuticals. Storage, preservation, and dispensing of drugs at the Pharmacy department were strictly carried out in full compliance with Circular no. 36/2018/TT-BYT of the Ministry of Health on "Good Storage Practices for drugs and drug substances." Conclusion: Song Hinh district health center has developed a rational drug list that meets actual local treatment needs, with a high proportion of domestic drug usage. Additionally, drug management, storage, and dispensing have been effectively implemented in full compliance with current professional standards.
Investigation of Clinically Significant Drug-Drug Interactions in Outpatient Prescriptions and Analysis of Associated Factors Using Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) and Logistic Regression at Da Nang Hospital
This study aimed to investigate patient characteristics, patterns of medication use, and to analyze clinically significant drug–drug interactions (DDIs) and their associated factors in outpatient prescriptions at Da Nang Hospital. A retrospective cross-sectional design was applied to outpatient prescriptions collected from the Outpatient Department of Da Nang Hospital between May 2024 and June 2024. DDIs were assessed by cross-referencing four databases (Drugs.com, Medscape, Micromedex, and Decision No. 5948/QD-BYT of the Ministry of Health). An interaction was considered clinically significant when it appeared in at least two of the four databases and met the severity criteria defined by the European Medicines Agency (EMA). Associated factors were analyzed using Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) and multivariable logistic regression. A total of 885 prescriptions were analyzed. The mean patient age was 64.9 ± 10.5 years (range: 20–96 years), and 89.6% of patients had two or more comorbidities. The average number of medications per prescription was 4.4 ± 1.3. The prevalence of prescriptions containing clinically significant DDIs was 47.8%, and the frequency of interactions at each severity level differed significantly across the databases. Forty-eight clinically significant DDI pairs were identified, of which the most common were amlodipine–metformin, insulin–metformin, and clopidogrel–esomeprazole. BMA identified four factors strongly associated with the risk of clinically significant DDIs: number of medications, use of cardiovascular drugs, diuretics, and hormonal/endocrine agents. Multivariable logistic regression showed that all these factors significantly increased the risk of clinically significant DDIs (p < 0.001). The study demonstrated that the prevalence of clinically significant DDIs in outpatient prescriptions increased with a higher number of medications and greater use of drug groups such as cardiovascular agents, diuretics, and hormonal/endocrine therapies (p < 0.001).
Survey on the Use of Antihypertension Drugs among Outpatients at Buon Ma Thuot Medical University Hospital during 2023-2024
The aim of the study is to determine the proportion of drugs/class of drugs used in treatment and evaluate the rational use of medicines in outpatients at Buon Ma Thuot Medical University Hospital in 2023-2024. Cross-sectional study of 630 prescriptions, patients’ characteristics and medicines used on prescriptions were analyzed by using descriptive statistics. The rational use of medicines was evaluated by comparing with the Ministry of Health's guideline 2010 and Vietnam National Heart Association's guideline 2022. Chi-square test and logistic regression were used to determine the relationship between influencing factors and rational use of medicines. The results showed that the number of active ingredients used in the prescription were 2.48 ± 0.841; the most used active ingredient was amlodipine with 61.3%; the most used class of drug was beta blockers with 61.8%; and the reasonable rate of drug used according to the instructions of the Ministry of Health's guideline was 97.62% and Vietnam National Heart Association's guideline 2022 was 93.95%. Factors related to the rate of inappropriate drug use were: number of comorbidities (OR = 1.793, p = 0.004), patients with coronary artery disease (OR = 1.753, p = 0.044), combination drug use (OR = 4.905, p = 0.013). Patient factors (age, gender) had no significant relationship.
Analysis of the Impact of Corrosion and Safety Protection Solutions for Copper Relief Panels in Vietnam
This paper investigates the long-term mechanical degradation of copper relief sculptures anchored to reinforced concrete walls using stainless-steel pins, a configuration widely used in Vietnam for outdoor architectural artworks. Special emphasis is placed on the influence of corrosion and the protective effectiveness of praseodymium chloride (PrCl₃). Electrochemical data employed for corrosion-rate modeling were obtained from the authors’ previous publication, in which PrCl₃ was shown to significantly reduce the corrosion rate of copper in a 0.6M NaCl solution. These corrosion rates were incorporated into a three-dimensional finite element model to simulate stress evolution, crack initiation, and fatigue life reduction over a 50-year service period. The results reveal that, in the absence of PrCl₃, cross-sectional loss combined with stress concentration at the pin–panel interface accelerates crack propagation and leads to severe structural deterioration of the copper relief sculpture. In contrast, the presence of PrCl₃ significantly delays section loss, reduces stress levels, suppresses crack growth, and markedly extends the predicted service life. Parametric studies also show that increasing the number or diameter of stainless-steel pins enhances load distribution efficiency and improves the structural safety of the system. These findings highlight the importance of integrating chemical corrosion protection with optimized structural design to ensure the long-term preservation of outdoor copper relief sculptures in aggressive environments.
Integrated Sensing, Communication, Edge Computing, and Energy Harvesting for UAV-Assisted IoT Networks
The Internet of Things (IoT) is rapidly expanding across various sectors, including industry, national security, smart transportation, healthcare, and environmental management. In this paper, we propose an IoT system model that leverages unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) equipped with edge computing servers. This model supports multiple IoT devices through an integrated sensing, communication, and computing (ISCC) mechanism. To facilitate data processing for these IoT devices, we introduce a combined time-splitting radio energy harvesting mechanism and a partial offloading strategy. Specifically, we utilize both radio energy harvesting and simultaneous sensing. Subsequently, we derive exact closedform expression for the probability of successful sensing and computing, drawing upon the statistical characteristics of the wireless channel. Furthermore, we investigate the impact of several key parameters on system performance, such as transmission power, the number of IoT devices, data dividing ratio, data length, UAV altitude, bandwidth, duty cycle and pulse duration of radar signal. Finally, our analytical results are rigorously verified through Monte-Carlo computer simulations.
Cost-Reduction Solutions for Industrial Cooling Systems Using a New Evaporative Cooling and Air-Duct Integration Technology
Current cooling systems for large industrial workshops typically rely on fans, air ducts, and evaporative media, but they present significant drawbacks: high costs, ducts occupying valuable space and height, scattered fan placement complicating maintenance, reduced aesthetics, limited humidity control, and short service life of moisture-transfer membranes. These limitations increase expenses, reduce efficiency, and affect production quality, underscoring the need for more economical, efficient, and maintainable solutions. This study investigates optimized fan arrangement, improved air distribution, and the use of durable moisture-transfer materials, designed for easier cleaning and maintenance. System performance was assessed through simulations and laboratory-scale experiments. The results show that the proposed cooling approach enhances cooling efficiency, provides better humidity control, lowers costs and space requirements, and improves both maintenance convenience and the overall aesthetics of industrial facilities.
An Evaluation of the Impact of Hyperparameter Adjustment on the Performance of Traditional Machine Learning Models
In machine learning, selecting an appropriate classification model along with a suitable hyperparameter adjustment strategy plays a crucial role in enhancing predictive performance. This paper presents an experimental framework to evaluate the performance of three traditional machine learning models: SVM, Random Forest and XGBoost, combined with three hyperparameter adjustment strategies: Grid Search, Random Search, and Bayesian optimization. The input data is represented using three types of features: TF-IDF, AST and their combination. Each model configuration is trained 50b times to ensure statistical reliability. Model performance is evaluated based on two key metrics: F1-score and ROC AUC. Experiental results show that the XGBoost model, when using combined features and optimized via Bayesian optimization, achieves the highest performance with an F1-score of 92.0% and a ROC AUC of 94.7%, representing respective improvements of 2.1% and 1.3% over the default settings. A detailed analysis reveals a strong relationship between feature representation, classification algorithm, and adjustment strategy, providing practical insights for selecting machine learning models in classification tasks in practical applications.
Phương pháp số hiệu quả trong giải phương trình Poisson: Các chiến lược tối ưu hóa thời gian tính toán
Poisson’s equation is a second-order partial differential equation which is used to compute the electric potential based on the charge density of a system. In numerical study, the finite difference method is widely used to simplify the equations. Gauss-Seidel, Jacobi and SOR methods are three common iterative methods for solving Poisson’s equation. Choosing suitable values of maximum error or parallelizing the code for running on a supercomputer can drastically reduce computation time in order to optimize the code for complicated systems.
Two-Dimensional Model for Simulating Electrical Biasing Effects on Particle Flux
A two-dimensional simulation model is developed to verify the effects of electrical biasing on particle transport and its flux to the material. In this model, the flow of electrons and ions is continuously pumped into the system, moving along the magnetic field line to reach the materials. The numerical results show that electrical biasing prevents many electrons and ions from hitting the material, reducing the particle flux attacking this region.
Synthesis of Nickel Ferrite (NiFe₂O₄) Nanoparticles by the Hydrothermal Method
In this study, nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4) nano-crystallites with an average diameter of 46.01 nm are synthesized via hydrothermal method. The single-phase spinel structure is confirmed by X-ray diffractograms (XRD). Morphology is analysed by scanning electron microscopes (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis was used to determine the elemental composition of the materials. The magnetic properties of the nanoparticles are studied by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and the results exhibited superparamagnetism at room temperature with the magnetic saturation of (Ms) 39.8 emu/g.
Study on the Structural and Optical Properties of Dy³⁺-doped Sodium Fluoroborate (NaFB2O3) Glass
Sodium fluoroborate (NaFB2O3) glass doped with Dy³⁺ was successfully fabricated by melting method at 1020 oC in reducing environment using graphite. The structure and optical properties of the glass were studied by optical spectroscopy methods such as X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), UV-VIS-NIR absorption spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, etc. By using Judd-Ofelt theory, experimental (fexp) and calculated (fcal) oscillator force, Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters Ωλ (λ = 2, 4, 6) were evaluated from the absorption spectrum. The radiant properties such as fluorescence intensity ratio R, total emission transition probability AT, emission cross section σ and branching ratio βR (of the 4F9/2 → 6H13/2 transition) of the glass were also calculated from the fluorescence spectrum. Using McCamy's quantitative equation, the color coordinate and color temperature values from the combined emission of Dy3+ ions in the form of neutral white light when excited by 351 nm radiation were obtained. The results showed that the NaFB2O3:Dy3+ glass is a suitable candidate for applications in the field of lighting (W-LED), materials for lasers or UV sensors.
Synthesis and Luminescent Properties of Er3+ Doped TeO2-B2O3-ZnO-Na2O Glasses
In this study, Er³⁺-doped boro-tellurite glass with the composition TeO₂–B₂O₃–ZnO–Na₂O (BTZN) and varying dopant concentrations was fabricated by the high-temperature melt-quenching method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that the prepared samples exhibit an amorphous structure characteristic of glass. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images revealed that the sample surfaces are smooth, flat, and homogeneous. The photoluminescence spectra of the glasses, obtained under 378 nm and 532 nm excitation, exhibit visible emissions at 530 nm and 547 nm, corresponding to the 2H11/2 - 4I15/2 and 4S3/2 - 4I15/2 transitions, respectively, as well as a near-infrared emission at 980 nm attributed to the 4I11/2 - 4I15/2 transition of Er³⁺ ions in the BTZN glass matrix. The luminescence intensity of the samples varies with dopant concentration, and the optimal Er³⁺ concentration was determined to be 2.0 mol%.
Mean Convergence of Random Weighted Sums of Pairwise Negative Quadrant Dependent Random Variables
Limit theorems for weighted sums of random variables have received considerable attention in recent years due to their usefulness. In this paper, we extend the result of Sung to the case of randomly weighted sums and apply the obtained result to estimators in nonparametric regression with random design.
Spatial Distribution and Pollution Levels of Aluminum (Al) and Iron (Fe) in Road Dust in Da Nang City
This study aimed to assess the concentrations, spatial distribution, and pollution levels of aluminum (Al) and iron (Fe) in road dust in Da Nang city, Viet Nam. A total of 60 road dust samples were collected in 2024, including 56 samples representing wards/communes (based on the former administrative boundaries) and 4 background samples from areas with minimal urban activity. The samples were analyzed for Al and Fe concentrations using the ICP-OES method, and the results were statistically processed in combination with spatial interpolation using the Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) method. The findings showed that the average concentrations of Al and Fe ranged from 7.123-24.211 mg/kg and 6.408-17.385 mg/kg, respectively. Spatial analysis revealed that suburban areas, particularly those adjacent to hills or bare lands, tended to accumulate higher levels of Al and Fe compared to the city center. The geo-accumulation index (Igeo) was used to evaluate pollution levels, indicating that most areas fell within the “uncontaminated” to “moderately contaminated” categories, except for a few locations with Igeo > 1 for Al. The uneven distribution of Al and Fe suggests that natural geological factors predominantly influence their presence, while the impacts from traffic and industrial activities appear to be minimal. These results suggest that road dust monitoring should be conducted at higher spatial resolution, especially in suburban areas. Furthermore, establishing local geochemical background values for lithogenic elements such as Al and Fe is essential to accurately assess the pollution levels of more hazardous metals in urban environments.
Chemical Constituents and Diverse Pharmacological Effects of Panax notoginseng
Panax notoginseng, a medicinal herb of high therapeutic value in traditional Asian medicine, is characterized by its diverse array of chemical constituents and wide-ranging pharmacological activities. This review presents a comprehensive and systematic summary of the major bioactive compound classes isolated from P. notoginseng, including saponins (notably notoginsenosides and ginsenosides), flavonoids, polysaccharides, polyacetylenes, and various organic acids. Among these, saponins are the most extensively studied, owing to their structural complexity and broad spectrum of biological functions. Reported pharmacological effects include anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, cardioprotective, neuroprotective, anticancer, antifibrotic, and metabolic regulatory properties. The review synthesizes data from in vitro and in vivo studies, as well as preclinical evidence, underscoring the therapeutic potential of these constituents. Recent advancements in extraction methods, purification of active ingredients, and the development of innovative pharmaceutical formulations are also discussed. Overall, this article provides an up-to-date and scientifically grounded perspective on the phytochemistry and pharmacology of P. notoginseng, and outlines key directions for future research focused on standardization, quality assurance, and clinical translation.
Solid State Acidic Catalyzed Synthesis of 2-Phenylbenzoxazole
Benzoxazole, important to pharmaceutical advancements, was synthesized through the condensation reaction of benzaldehyde and 2-aminophenol under acidic conditions and being characterized using 1H-NMR spectroscopy. This project revealed an efficient method for 2-phenylbenzoxazole synthesis using various acidic catalytic system. A solid catalyst mixture of p-toluenesulfonic acid and silica gel (TsOH-SiO2) in xylene solvent at 140°C generated the product at 69.66% yield.