ISOLATION AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION ANALYSIS OF CHRYSANTHEMUM MORIFOLIUM RAMAT LEAF ESSENTIAL OIL HARVESTED IN LAM DONG PROVINCE, VIETNAM

Abstract

This study conducted experiments on the extraction process of essential oils from the leaves of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat, also known as Chrysanthemum. Fresh Chrysanthemum leaves with a moisture content of 88.45% were harvested in Da Lat city, Lam Dong province, Vietnam. They were ground for 60 seconds (0.5mm size) with a NaCl concentration of 15%, using a 1:3 ratio of raw material to distilled water. Distillation was carried out for 150 minutes from the point of water droplets condensing in the reflux tube using the steam distillation method, specifically the Clevenger apparatus. After the steam distillation extraction, Chrysanthemum leaf essential oil with a yield of 0.11% was obtained. Chemical composition analysis was performed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) at a rate of 1.2 µL/minute with a split ratio of 1:250. The temperature range in the oven was divided into two stages: heating to 50°C in 30 seconds, then heating from 50°C to 160°C at a minimum rate of 5°C/minute, followed by heating from 160°C to 260°C at a minimum rate of 10°C/minute and holding for 8 minutes. A total of 38 chemical components were identified in Chrysanthemum leaf essential oil, with caryophyllene, germacrene D, (Z,E)-α-farnesene, and β-sesquiphellandrene being the major constituents.