Legal aspects of the prohibition of force, threats to use force and national self-defense on cyberspace in international laws

Abstract

The 4th industrial revolution brings both unprecedented opportunities and significant challenges in peacekeeping, security and national sovereignty. In order to prevent and deal with insecurity risks, especially cyber attacks, national laws and international law need to agree on an approach to the legal aspects of force and the use of force in cyberspace, to apply national self-defense to effectively protect national sovereignty on cyberspace. The paper studies the legal aspects of the prohibition   of force, threats to use force and national self-defense on cyberspace as well as the difficulties and challenges in identifying these factors.