ALPHA-GLUCOSIDASE AND ALPHA-AMYLASE ENZYM INHIBITION ISOLATED FROM KALANCHOE PINNATA (LAM.) – PERS.) LEAVES

Abstract

Diabetes is a disease caused by carbohydrate metabolism disorder when the insulin of the pancreas is lacking or reduced. Decreasing α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzyms activities will inhibit carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzyms and retarding the absorption of glucose. Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers. is noted for amounts of compounds such as alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, and polyphenols that inhibit α-amylase and α-glucosidase acitivities. Alcohol 96% crude extract was obtained from leaf powder and sequentially extracted with solvents of increasing polarity (n-hexane, diclorometan, ethyl acetate, n-butan and residual aqueous fraction). Fraction extracts were analyzied α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Results showed that the ethyl acetate fraction elicited a significantly highest inhibitory effects on α-amylase (IC₅₀ 1.37 ± 0.29 mg/mL) and α-glucosidase (IC₅₀ 0.39 ± 0.06 mg/mL), gradually decreased for the n-butan, dichloromethane, aquaeos and n-hexane extract.