THE EFFECTS OF ZINGIBER ZERUMBET ETHANOL EXTRACT ON THE PROLIFERATION, CELL CYCLE, APOPTOSIS AND MIGRATION OF AGS GASTRIC CANCER CELLS

Abstract

Gastric cancer is the most common malignant cance worldwide. Although there have been many advances in the current treatment for gastric cancer, the mortality rate from this cancer is still high, requiring further research to find new drugs and supportive treatment products. In this study, we evaluated the effects of ethanol extract from of Zingiber zerumbet leaves on proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis by MTT assay, Flow cytometry and cell migration analyses. The results showed that the ethanol extract from the Zingiber zerumbet leaves slowed the increase in the number of AGS cells, with an IC₅₀ value of 2.09 mg/mL, in 48 h of treatment. At a concentration of 0.2 mg/mL, the extract stopped the cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase with cell accumulation in this phase of 74.4% compared with 66.9% in the control sample. Apoptosis rate increased to 14.0% (0.2 mg/mL) and 61.2% compared with 4.4% in the control. Furthermore, the ethanol extract reduced the migratory capacity of AGS cells. The data obtained from this study suggested that Zingiber zerumbet is a potential medicinal plant to fight gastric cancer.